Elasmosauridae

Elasmosauridae
Temporal range: Hauterivian-Maastrichtian, 130–66 Ma
Reconstructed skeleton of Elasmosaurus platyurus in the Rocky Mountain Dinosaur Resource Center in Woodland Park, Colorado.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Superorder: Sauropterygia
Order: Plesiosauria
Clade: Xenopsaria
Family: Elasmosauridae
Cope, 1869
Genera
Synonyms
  • Cimoliasauridae
    Persson, 1960

Elasmosauridae is an extinct family of plesiosaurs, often called elasmosaurs. They had the longest necks of the plesiosaurs and existed from the Hauterivian to the Maastrichtian stages of the Cretaceous, and represented one of the two groups of plesiosaurs present at the end of the Cretaceous alongside Polycotylidae.

  1. ^ F. Robin O'Keefe; Hallie P. Street (2009). "Osteology Of The Cryptoclidoid Plesiosaur Tatenectes laramiensis, With Comments On The Taxonomic Status Of The Cimoliasauridae" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 29 (1): 48–57. Bibcode:2009JVPal..29...48O. doi:10.1671/039.029.0118. S2CID 31924376.
  2. ^ Schumacher, Bruce A.; Everhart, Michael J. (2022). "Washed Ashore – New Elasmosaurid Specimens (Plesiosauria: Sauropterygia) from the Late Cretaceous of Colorado and Kansas and Their Bearing on Elasmosaurid Lineages of the Western Interior Seaway". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 125 (3–4): 237–263. doi:10.1660/062.125.0313. ISSN 0022-8443. S2CID 253364262.
  3. ^ Patrick S. Druckenmiller; Anthony P. Russell (2006). "A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Cretaceous Clearwater Formation, northeastern Alberta, Canada" (PDF). Paludicola. 5 (4): 184–199. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-06.
  4. ^ Benjamin P. Kear (2005). "A new elasmosaurid plesiosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (4): 792–805. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0792:ANEPFT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86297695.
  5. ^ Peggy Vincent; Nathalie Bardet; Xabier Pereda Suberbiola; Baâdi Bouya; Mbarek Amaghzaz; Saïd Meslouh (2011). "Zarafasaura oceanis, a new elasmosaurid (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Maastrichtian Phosphates of Morocco and the palaeobiogeography of latest Cretaceous plesiosaurs". Gondwana Research. 19 (4): 1062–1073. Bibcode:2011GondR..19.1062V. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.10.005.
  6. ^ O'Gorman, Jose P. (2020-03-13). "Elasmosaurid phylogeny and paleobiogeography, with a reappraisal of Aphrosaurus furlongi from the Maastrichtian of the Moreno Formation". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (5): e1692025. Bibcode:2019JVPal..39E2025O. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1692025. ISSN 0272-4634.
  7. ^ Araújo, R., Polcyn M. J., Schulp A. S., Mateus O., Jacobs L. L., Gonçalves O. A., & Morais M. - L. (2015). A new elasmosaurid from the early Maastrichtian of Angola and the implications of girdle morphology on swimming style in plesiosaurs. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. FirstView, 1–12., 1
  8. ^ Serratos, Danielle J.; Druckenmiller, Patrick; Benson, Roger B. J. (2017). "A new elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Bearpaw Shale (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) of Montana demonstrates multiple evolutionary reductions of neck length within Elasmosauridae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 37 (2): e1278608. Bibcode:2017JVPal..37E8608S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1278608. S2CID 132717607.
  9. ^ O'Gorman, José P.; Coria, Rodolfo A. (2016-09-21). "A new elasmosaurid specimen from the upper Maastrichtian of Antarctica: new evidence of a monophyletic group of Weddellian elasmosaurids". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 41 (2): 240–249. Bibcode:2017Alch...41..240O. doi:10.1080/03115518.2016.1224318. hdl:11336/79006. ISSN 0311-5518.
  10. ^ O'Gorman, José P.; Panzeri, Karen M.; Fernández, Marta S.; Santillana, Sergio; Moly, Juan J.; Reguero, Marcelo (2017-07-24). "A new elasmosaurid from the upper Maastrichtian López de Bertodano Formation: new data on weddellonectian diversity" (PDF). Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 42 (4): 575–586. Bibcode:2018Alch...42..575O. doi:10.1080/03115518.2017.1339233. ISSN 0311-5518.
  11. ^ O'Gorman, José P.; Carignano, Ana Paula; Calvo-Marcilese, Lydia; Pérez Panera, Juan Pablo (2023-08-10). "A new elasmosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the upper levels of the La Colonia Formation (upper Maastrichtian), Chubut Province, Argentina". Cretaceous Research. 152: 105674. Bibcode:2023CrRes.15205674O. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105674. ISSN 0195-6671.
  12. ^ O'Gorman, Jose P.; Canale, Juan I.; Bona, Paula; Tineo, David E.; Reguero, Marcelo; Cárdenas, Magalí (2024-12-31). "A new elasmosaurid (Plesiosauria: Sauropterygia) from the López de Bertodano Formation: new data on the evolution of the aristonectine morphology". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 22 (1). Bibcode:2024JSPal..2212302O. doi:10.1080/14772019.2024.2312302. ISSN 1477-2019.