 |
 | This article needs to be updated. (November 2015) |
| Data | |
|---|---|
| Electricity coverage (2003) | 67% (total), 28% (rural); (LAC total average in 2007: 92%) |
| Installed capacity (2006) | 1.43 GW |
| Share of fossil energy | 60% |
| Share of renewable energy | 40% (hydro) |
| GHG emissions from electricity generation (1994) | 0.19 t CO2e per capita |
| Average electricity use (2006) | 588 kWh per capita |
| Distribution losses (2005) | 10%; (LAC average in 2005: 13.6%) |
| Consumption by sector (% of total) | |
| Residential | 40% |
| Industrial | 28% |
| Tariffs and financing | |
| Average residential tariff (US$/kW·h, 2006) | 0.0614; (LAC average in 2005: 0.115) |
| Average industrial tariff (US$/kW·h, 2006) | 0.0404 (LAC average in 2005: 0.107) |
| Annual investment in electricity | US$40 million |
| Share of government financing (2004) | 50% |
| Services | |
| Sector unbundling | Yes |
| Share of private sector in generation | 100% (in the SIN-National Interconnected System) |
| Share of private sector in distribution | 100% (in the SIN) |
| Competitive supply to large users | No (regional distribution monopolies) |
| Competitive supply to residential users | No |
| Institutions | |
| No. of service providers | 3 (generation), 3 (distribution) |
| Responsibility for transmission | 2 (Transportadora de Electricidad, ISA Bolivia) |
| Responsibility for regulation | Multi-sector national regulator |
| Responsibility for policy-setting | Viceministry of Electricity and Alternative Energy |
| Responsibility for the environment | Land Planning and Environment Vice-Ministry |
| Electricity sector law | Yes (1994) |
| Renewable energy law | No |
| CDM transactions related to the electricity sector | 1 registered CDM project; 141,691 t CO2e annual emissions reductions |
The electricity sector in Bolivia is dominated by the state-owned ENDE Corporation (Empresa Nacional de Electricidad), although the private Bolivian Power Company (Compañia Boliviana de Energía Eléctrica; COBEE) is also a major producer of electricity. ENDE had been unbundled into generation, transmission and distribution and privatized in the 1990s, but most of the sector was re-nationalized in 2010 (generation) and 2012 (transmission and distribution).[1]
The supply is dominated by thermal generation (65%), while hydropower (35%) has a smaller share in its generation mix compared to other South American countries.[2] (Latin America and the Caribbean, or LAC, average hydropower capacity is 51%.[3]) In 2014, national electricity supply of 1580.35 MW comfortably exceeded the 1298.2 MW maximum demand.[4] Like in other countries, Bolivia's electricity sector consists of a National Interconnected System (SIN) and off-grid systems (known as the Aislado).
The national government's priorities for the electricity sector include providing universal access to electricity and producing surplus energy for export.[5] The electricity coverage in rural areas is among the lowest in Latin America and improving it represents a major challenge in the future. The government envisions a major expansion of electricity generation capacity to over 8,000 MW over the decade from 2015 to 2025, primarily to export surplus generating capacity.[6]
- ^ ENDE Corporación, Memoria Anual 2013, pp. 3, 11
- ^ Vásquez, Wálter (2015-07-27). "Once plantas de energías alternas producirán 420 MW hasta 2020 - La Razón". La Razón. Retrieved 2015-11-04.
- ^ EIA Statistics
- ^ "La demanda máxima coincidental en 2014 fue de 1298.2 MW y la generación disponible en ese periodo fue de 1580.35 MW." "Los Tiempos".
- ^ ENDE Corporación, Memoria Anual 2013, p. 11
- ^ "Bolivia quiere exportar 8.000 megavatios de electricidad". Opinión. Cochabamba. 2015-06-21. Retrieved 2015-11-04.