Electromagnetic metasurface

A liquid-tunable electromagnetic metasurface

An electromagnetic metasurface refers to a kind of artificial sheet material with sub-wavelength features. Metasurfaces can be either structured or unstructured with subwavelength-scaled patterns.[1][2][3]

In electromagnetic theory, metasurfaces modulate the behaviors of electromagnetic waves through specific boundary conditions rather than constitutive parameters (such as refractive index) in three-dimensional (3D) space, which is commonly exploited in natural materials and metamaterials. Metasurfaces may also refer to the two-dimensional counterparts of metamaterials.[4][5] There are also 2.5D metasurfaces that involve the third dimension as additional degree of freedom for tailoring their functionality.[6]

  1. ^ Bomzon, Ze’ev; Kleiner, Vladimir; Hasman, Erez (2001-09-15). "Pancharatnam–Berry phase in space-variant polarization-state manipulations with subwavelength gratings". Optics Letters. 26 (18): 1424–1426. Bibcode:2001OptL...26.1424B. doi:10.1364/OL.26.001424. ISSN 1539-4794. PMID 18049626.
  2. ^ Bomzon, Ze’ev; Biener, Gabriel; Kleiner, Vladimir; Hasman, Erez (2002-07-01). "Space-variant Pancharatnam–Berry phase optical elements with computer-generated subwavelength gratings". Optics Letters. 27 (13): 1141–1143. Bibcode:2002OptL...27.1141B. doi:10.1364/OL.27.001141. ISSN 1539-4794. PMID 18026387.
  3. ^ Yu, Nanfang; Capasso, Federico (2014). "Flat optics with designer metasurfaces". Nat. Mater. 13 (2): 139–150. Bibcode:2014NatMa..13..139Y. doi:10.1038/nmat3839. PMID 24452357.
  4. ^ Zeng, S.; et al. (2015). "Graphene-gold metasurface architectures for ultrasensitive plasmonic biosensing". Advanced Materials. 27 (40): 6163–6169. Bibcode:2015AdM....27.6163Z. doi:10.1002/adma.201501754. hdl:20.500.12210/45908. PMID 26349431. S2CID 205261271.
  5. ^ Quevedo-Teruel, O.; et al. (2019). "Roadmap on metasurfaces". Journal of Optics. 21 (7): 073002. Bibcode:2019JOpt...21g3002Q. doi:10.1088/2040-8986/ab161d. hdl:10016/33235. S2CID 198449951.
  6. ^ Solomonov, A.I.; et al. (2023). "2.5D switchable metasurfaces". Optics & Laser Technology. 161: 109122. Bibcode:2023OptLT.16109122S. doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2023.109122. S2CID 255887266.