Emanuel Mateusz Rostworowski (8 January 1923, in Kraków – 8 October 1989, in Kraków) was a Polish historian, professor at Kraków's Jagiellonian University, and member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
He specialized in 18th-century history.
In 1965-89 he was editor-in-chief of Polski Słownik Biograficzny.
He was a son of Karol Hubert Rostworowski.