Emperor Gong of Jin

Full name
	Family name: Sīmǎ (司馬); Given name: Dewen (德文, déwén);
Era dates
	Yuanxi (元熙): 419 – 420
Posthumous name
	Emperor Gōng; 恭皇帝 (lit. "respectful")

Emperor Gong of Jin
晉恭帝
Emperor Gong of Jin; 晉恭帝
11th Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty
Reign	28 Jan 419 – 7 July 420
Predecessor	Emperor An
Born	386
Died	Oct or Nov 421 (aged 35); Jiankang, Liu Song
Burial	Chongping ling (沖平陵), Nanjing, Jiangsu
Consorts	Empress Gongsi
Issue	Princess Haiyan; Princess Fuyang
Full name
Full name
	Family name: Sīmǎ (司馬); Given name: Dewen (德文, déwén);
Era dates
	Yuanxi (元熙): 419 – 420
Posthumous name
	Emperor Gōng; 恭皇帝 (lit. "respectful")
House	House of Sima
Dynasty	Eastern Jin
Father	Emperor Xiaowu
Mother	Empress Dowager Ande

Emperor Gong of Jin (simplified Chinese: 晋恭帝; traditional Chinese: 晉恭帝; pinyin: Jìn Gōng Dì; Wade–Giles: Chin Kung-ti; 386 – October or November 421^[3]), personal name Sima Dewen (Chinese: 司馬德文; pinyin: Sīmǎ Déwén), was the last emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (266–420) in China. He became emperor in January 419 after his developmentally disabled brother Emperor An was killed by the regent Liu Yu, and during his brief reign, actual power was in Liu Yu's hands. On 7 July 420,^[4] under pressure from Liu Yu, he yielded the throne to Liu Yu, ending Jin's existence. Liu Yu founded the Liu Song dynasty, and in October or November 421, believing that the former Jin emperor posed a threat to his rule, had him asphyxiated with a blanket.

^ According to Sima Dewen's biography in Book of Jin, he ascended the throne on the same day as his brother's death, which took place on 28 Jan 419. (安帝崩....是日，即帝位) Jin Shu, vol.10
^ jia'zi day of the 6th month of the 2nd year of the Yuan'xi era, per Emperor Gong's biography in Book of Jin and Emperor Wu's biography in Book of Song
^ According to Sima Dewen's biography in Book of Jin, he was killed aged 36 (by East Asian reckoning) on the dingchou day of the 9th month of the 2nd year of the Yong'chu era of Liu Yu's reign. However, there is no dingchou day in the month; the month corresponds to 12 Oct to 10 Nov 421 in the Julian calendar. (宋永初二年九月丁丑...有间，兵人逾垣而入，弑帝于内房。时年三十六。) Jin Shu vol. 10. Thus by calculation, his birth year should be 386. Vol. 119 of Zizhi Tongjian indicated the same month and year of death as the Book of Jin.
^ According to Sima Dewen's biography in Book of Jin, he renounced the throne on the jiǎzǐ day of the 6th month of the 2nd year of the Yuanxi era of his reign. This corresponds to 7 Jul 420 in the Julian calendar. [(元熙)二年夏六月壬戌，刘裕至于京师。傅亮承裕密旨，讽帝禅位，草诏，请帝书之。帝欣然谓左右曰：“晋氏久已失之，今复何恨。”乃书赤纸为诏。甲子，遂逊于琅邪第。刘裕以帝为零陵王，居于秣陵，行晋正朔，车旗服色一如其旧，有其文而不备其礼] Jin Shu, vol.10

[1] According to Sima Dewen's biography in Book of Jin, he ascended the throne on the same day as his brother's death, which took place on 28 Jan 419. (安帝崩....是日，即帝位) Jin Shu, vol.10

[2] jia'zi day of the 6th month of the 2nd year of the Yuan'xi era, per Emperor Gong's biography in Book of Jin and Emperor Wu's biography in Book of Song

[3] According to Sima Dewen's biography in Book of Jin, he was killed aged 36 (by East Asian reckoning) on the dingchou day of the 9th month of the 2nd year of the Yong'chu era of Liu Yu's reign. However, there is no dingchou day in the month; the month corresponds to 12 Oct to 10 Nov 421 in the Julian calendar. (宋永初二年九月丁丑...有间，兵人逾垣而入，弑帝于内房。时年三十六。) Jin Shu vol. 10. Thus by calculation, his birth year should be 386. Vol. 119 of Zizhi Tongjian indicated the same month and year of death as the Book of Jin.

[4] According to Sima Dewen's biography in Book of Jin, he renounced the throne on the jiǎzǐ day of the 6th month of the 2nd year of the Yuanxi era of his reign. This corresponds to 7 Jul 420 in the Julian calendar. [(元熙)二年夏六月壬戌，刘裕至于京师。傅亮承裕密旨，讽帝禅位，草诏，请帝书之。帝欣然谓左右曰：“晋氏久已失之，今复何恨。”乃书赤纸为诏。甲子，遂逊于琅邪第。刘裕以帝为零陵王，居于秣陵，行晋正朔，车旗服色一如其旧，有其文而不备其礼] Jin Shu, vol.10

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