Emperor Ningzong

Emperor Ningzong of Song
宋寧宗
Palace portrait on a hanging scroll, kept in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, Taiwan
Emperor of the Song dynasty
Reign24 July 1194 – 17 September 1224
Coronation24 July 1194
PredecessorEmperor Guangzong
SuccessorEmperor Lizong
BornZhao Kuo (趙擴)
19 November 1168
Died17 September 1224(1224-09-17) (aged 55)
Burial
Yongmao Mausoleum (永茂陵, in present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang)
Consorts
(m. 1185; died 1200)
(m. 1195⁠–⁠1224)
IssuePrincess Yuping
Era dates
Qingyuan (慶元; 1195–1201)
Jiatai (嘉泰; 1201–1204)
Kaixi (開禧; 1205–1207)
Jiading (嘉定; 1207–1224)
Posthumous name
Emperor Fatian Beidao Chunde Maogong Renwen Zhewu Shengrui Gongxiao (法天備道純德茂功仁文哲武聖睿恭孝皇帝)
Temple name
Ningzong (寧宗)
HouseZhao
DynastySong (Southern Song)
FatherEmperor Guangzong
MotherEmpress Ciyi
Signature
Emperor Ningzong of Song
Traditional Chinese宋寧宗
Simplified Chinese宋宁宗
Literal meaning"Peaceful Ancestor of the Song"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinSòng Níngzōng
Wade–GilesSong Ningtsung
IPA[sʊ̂ŋ nǐŋ.tsʊ́ŋ]
Zhao Kuo
Traditional Chinese趙擴
Simplified Chinese赵扩
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhào Kuo
Wade–GilesChao K'uo
IPA[ʈʂâʊ kʰwô]

Emperor Ningzong of Song (19 November 1168 – 17 September 1224), personal name Zhao Kuo, was the 13th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the fourth emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He reigned from 1194 until his death in 1224.

He was the second son and the only surviving child of his predecessor Guangzong and like his father, Ningzong was weak-minded; easily dominated by women.[1] During Ningzong's reign, he had built 75 commemorative shrines and steles, the most in Song history.[2] He was a great patron of art, promoting artists such as Liang Kai and Ma Yuan to painter-in-waiting and writing poems about their paintings.[3] Upon Ningzong's death, a minor official and a remote relative of Ningzong became Emperor Lizong.

  1. ^ Paludan, Ann (2009-01-01). Chinese Emperors: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers of Imperial China. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 9780500287644.
  2. ^ Huang, Kuo Hung (2017-03-06). Telecommunication: Changing Humanities and Smart Application of Digital Technologies. Bentham Science Publishers. p. 50. ISBN 9781681084077.
  3. ^ Shen, Zhiyu (1981). The Shanghai Museum of Art. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. pp. 223–224. ISBN 0-8109-1646-0.