Epidermal growth factor receptor

EGFR
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesEGFR, ERBB, ERBB1, HER1, NISBD2, PIG61, mENA, epidermal growth factor receptor, Genes, erbB-1, ERRP
External IDsOMIM: 131550; MGI: 95294; HomoloGene: 74545; GeneCards: EGFR; OMA:EGFR - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_007912
NM_207655

RefSeq (protein)

NP_031938
NP_997538

Location (UCSC)Chr 7: 55.02 – 55.21 MbChr 11: 16.7 – 16.87 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB-1; HER1 in humans) is a transmembrane protein that is a receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family (EGF family) of extracellular protein ligands.[5]

The epidermal growth factor receptor is a member of the ErbB family of receptors, a subfamily of four closely related receptor tyrosine kinases: EGFR (ErbB-1), HER2/neu (ErbB-2), Her 3 (ErbB-3) and Her 4 (ErbB-4). In many cancer types, mutations affecting EGFR expression or activity could result in cancer.[6]

Epidermal growth factor and its receptor was discovered by Stanley Cohen of Vanderbilt University. Cohen shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Rita Levi-Montalcini for their discovery of growth factors.

Deficient signaling of the EGFR and other receptor tyrosine kinases in humans is associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's, while over-expression is associated with the development of a wide variety of tumors. Interruption of EGFR signalling, either by blocking EGFR binding sites on the extracellular domain of the receptor or by inhibiting intracellular tyrosine kinase activity, can prevent the growth of EGFR-expressing tumours and improve the patient's condition[citation needed].

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000146648Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020122Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Herbst RS (2004). "Review of epidermal growth factor receptor biology". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 59 (2 Suppl): 21–6. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2003.11.041. PMID 15142631.
  6. ^ Zhang H, Berezov A, Wang Q, Zhang G, Drebin J, Murali R, Greene MI (August 2007). "ErbB receptors: from oncogenes to targeted cancer treatment". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 117 (8): 2051–8. doi:10.1172/JCI32278. PMC 1934579. PMID 17671639.