Equid alphaherpesvirus 1

Equid alphaherpesvirus 1
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Peploviricota
Class: Herviviricetes
Order: Herpesvirales
Family: Orthoherpesviridae
Genus: Varicellovirus
Species:
Equid alphaherpesvirus 1
Synonyms
  • Equid herpesvirus 1[1]
  • Equine herpesvirus 1

Equid alphaherpesvirus 1, formerly Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1), is a virus of the family Herpesviridae that causes abortion, respiratory disease and occasionally neonatal mortality in horses. Initial spread of EHV-1 by a newly introduced horse through direct and indirect contact can lead to abortion and perinatal infection in up to 70 percent of a previously unexposed herd.[2] Abortion usually occurs in the last four months of gestation, two to four weeks after infection of the mare.[3] Perinatal (around the time of birth) infection can lead to pneumonia and death. Encephalitis can occur in affected animals, leading to ataxia, paralysis, and death. There is a vaccine available (ATCvet code QI05AA11 (WHO)), however its efficacy is questionable.[citation needed] The virus varies in severity from sub-clinical to very severe.[4] Most horses have been infected with EHV-1, but the virus can become latent and persist without ever causing signs of infection.[5] In 2006, an outbreak of EHV-1 among stables in Florida resulted in the institution of quarantine measures.[6] The outbreak was determined to have originated in horses imported from Europe via New York, before being shipped to Florida.[7]

  1. ^ "ICTV Taxonomy". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  2. ^ Fenner, Frank J.; Gibbs, E. Paul J.; Murphy, Frederick A.; Rott, Rudolph; Studdert, Michael J.; White, David O. (1993). Veterinary Virology (2nd ed.). Academic Press, Inc. ISBN 978-0-12-253056-2.
  3. ^ Carter, G.R.; Flores, E.F.; Wise, D.J. (2006). "Herpesviridae". A Concise Review of Veterinary Virology. Retrieved 2006-06-08.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference EquinePractice was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference APHIS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ "Equine Herpes Virus type1 Status Report – Florida". Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Archived from the original on 2007-01-06. Retrieved 2007-01-05.
  7. ^ "Florida Department Of Agriculture And Consumer Services Continues Investigation Into Horse Virus Outbreak". Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Archived from the original on 2010-12-01. Retrieved 2010-12-27.