Essential thrombocythemia | |
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Other names | Essential thrombocythaemia, essential thrombocytosis, primary thrombocytosis |
Histopathological image representing a bone marrow aspirate in a patient with essential thrombocythemia. | |
Specialty | Hematology |
Symptoms | Fatigue, insomnia, migraines, headache, and dizziness.[1] |
Complications | Thrombosis, transient ischemic attack, acute coronary syndrome, Budd-Chiari syndrome.[1] |
Causes | Overproduction of hematopoietic cells, genetic mutations.[1] |
Diagnostic method | Clinical criteria. |
Differential diagnosis | Chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, polycythemia vera, primary myelofibrosis, secondary thrombocytosis.[1] |
Treatment | Low-dose aspirin, plateletpheresis, cytoreductive therapy.[1] |
Prognosis | Median survival is 18 years.[1] |
Frequency | 0.6-2.5/100,000 cases per year.[2] |
In hematology, essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare chronic blood cancer (myeloproliferative neoplasm) characterised by the overproduction of platelets (thrombocytes) by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.[3] It may, albeit rarely, develop into acute myeloid leukemia or myelofibrosis.[3] It is one of the blood cancers wherein the bone marrow produces too many white or red blood cells, or platelets.[3]
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