.png) Vaginal ring application (step 1) | |
| Combination of | |
|---|---|
| Ethinylestradiol | Estrogen |
| Etonogestrel | Progestogen |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | NuvaRing, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a604032 |
| License data | |
| Routes of administration | Vaginal (ring) |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| ChemSpider |
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| KEGG | |
Ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel, sold under the brand names NuvaRing among others, is a hormonal vaginal ring used for birth control and to improve menstrual symptoms.[1] It contains ethinylestradiol, an estrogen, and etonogestrel, a progestin.[2] It is used by insertion into the vagina.[1] Pregnancy occurs in about 0.3% of women with perfect use and 9% of women with typical use.[3]
Common side effects include irregular vaginal bleeding, nausea, sore breasts, vaginitis, mood changes, and headache.[4] Rare but serious side effects may include blood clots, toxic shock syndrome, anaphylaxis, gallstones, and liver problems.[4] Use is not recommended in those who both smoke and are over the age of 35.[4] While use in pregnancy is not recommended, such use has not been found to be harmful to the baby.[4] Use during breastfeeding is typically not recommended as it may decrease the milk supply.[4] It mainly works by decreasing gonadotropins thereby stopping ovulation.[4]
The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 2001.[2] It is available as a generic medication in the United Kingdom.[1] In 2021, it was the 198th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[5][6]
- ^ a b c British National Formulary: BNF 76 (76th ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 780. ISBN 9780857113382.
- ^ a b "Ethinyl Estradiol and Etonogestrel (Professional Patient Advice)". Drugs.com. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
- ^ Trussell J (2011). "Contraceptive efficacy". In Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates Jr W, Kowal D, Policar MS (eds.). Contraceptive technology (20th revised ed.). New York: Ardent Media. pp. 779–863. ISBN 978-1-59708-004-0. ISSN 0091-9721. OCLC 781956734. "Table 3–2 Percentage of women experiencing an unintended pregnancy during the first year of typical use and the first year of perfect use of contraception, and the percentage continuing use at the end of the first year. United States" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 15, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "NuvaRing - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses". Drugs.com. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on January 15, 2024. Retrieved January 14, 2024.
- ^ "Ethinyl Estradiol ; Etonogestrel - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved January 14, 2024.