Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbiaceae
Temporal range: Maastrichtian–Recent
Parts of the candlenut tree
(Aleurites moluccana)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Juss.[1]
Subfamilies
Euphorbia characias flowers

Euphorbiaceae (/jˈfrbˌsiˌ, -sˌ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias,[2] which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,[3]: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution.[4] This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.

  1. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
  2. ^ "Definition of EUPHORBIA". Merriam Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 2019-06-10.
  3. ^ Bramwell, D.; Bramwell, Z. (2001). Wild Flowers of the Canary Islands (2nd ed.). Madrid: Rueda. ISBN 978-8472071292.
  4. ^ Natasha Nguyen (2014). "Convergent evolution of cacti and euphorbias". Retrieved 31 March 2007.