Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer

The Right Honourable The Earl of Cromer GCB OM GCMG KCSI CIE PC FRS
The Earl of Cromer in 1895
Consul-General of Egypt
In office 11 September 1883 – 6 May 1907
Nominated by	William Ewart Gladstone
Appointed by	Victoria
Monarchs	Tawfiq Pasha Abbas Helmi II
Preceded by	Edward Baldwin Malet (Controller-General)
Succeeded by	Eldon Gorst
Controller-General in Egypt
In office 1878–1879
Nominated by	Benjamin Disraeli, the Earl of Beaconsfield
Appointed by	Queen Victoria
Monarch	Isma'il Pasha
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Edward Baldwin Malet
Personal details
Born	Evelyn Baring (1841-02-26)26 February 1841 Cromer, Norfolk, England
Died	29 January 1917(1917-01-29) (aged 75) Westminster, London, England
Nationality	British
Spouses	Ethel Errington (d. 1898) Katherine Thynne (m. 1901)
Children	Rowland Baring, 2nd Earl of Cromer, b. 1877; Hon. Windham Baring, b. 1880; Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale, b. 1903; Louisa Sophia, b. before 1864
Alma mater	Royal Military Academy Staff College, Camberley
Occupation	Military officer, politician
Awards	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Member of the Order of Merit Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire
Military service
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Branch/service	Army
Years of service	1860–1877
Rank	Major
Unit	Royal Artillery

Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer, GCB, OM, GCMG, KCSI, CIE, PC, FRS (/ˈkroʊmər/; 26 February 1841 – 29 January 1917) was a British statesman, diplomat and colonial administrator. He served as the British controller-general in Egypt during 1879, part of the international control which oversaw Egyptian finances after the Egyptian bankruptcy of 1876. He later became the agent and consul-general in Egypt from 1883 to 1907 during the British occupation, prompted by the Urabi revolt. This position gave Baring de facto control over Egyptian finances and governance.

Baring's programmes led to limited economic development in Egypt in certain areas, but deepened its dependence on cash crops, as well as regressing some of its social developments (such as the state school system).^[1]