Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002

Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002

Long title	An Act to strengthen Federal Government information security, including through the requirement for the development of mandatory information security risk management standards.
Acronyms (colloquial)	FISMA
Nicknames	E-Government Act of 2002
Enacted by	the 107th United States Congress
Effective	December 17, 2002
Citations
Public law	107-347
Statutes at Large	116 Stat. 2899 aka 116 Stat. 2946
Codification
Titles amended	40 U.S.C.: Public Buildings, Property, And Works 44 U.S.C.: Public Printing and Documents
U.S.C. sections created	44 U.S.C. ch. 35, subch. III § 3541 et seq.
U.S.C. sections amended	40 U.S.C. ch. 113, subch. III § 11331 40 U.S.C. ch. 113, subch. III § 11332 44 U.S.C. ch. 1 § 101 44 U.S.C. ch. 35, subch. I § 3501 et seq.
Legislative history
Introduced in the House as H.R. 3844 by Thomas M. Davis (R–VA) on March 5, 2002 Committee consideration by House Government Reform, House Science Passed the House on November 15, 2002 (passed without objection) Passed the Senate on November 15, 2002 (passed unanimous consent) Signed into law by President George W. Bush on December 17, 2002
Major amendments
Replaced by the Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014

The Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (FISMA, 44 U.S.C. § 3541, et seq.) is a United States federal law enacted in 2002 as Title III of the E-Government Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107–347 (text) (PDF), 116 Stat. 2899). The act recognized the importance of information security to the economic and national security interests of the United States.^[1] The act requires each federal agency to develop, document, and implement an agency-wide program to provide information security for the information and information systems that support the operations and assets of the agency, including those provided or managed by another agency, contractor, or other source.^[1]

FISMA has brought attention within the federal government to cybersecurity and explicitly emphasized a "risk-based policy for cost-effective security."^[1] FISMA requires agency program officials, chief information officers, and inspectors general (IGs) to conduct annual reviews of the agency's information security program and report the results to Office of Management and Budget (OMB). OMB uses this data to assist in its oversight responsibilities and to prepare this annual report to Congress on agency compliance with the act.^[2] In FY 2008, federal agencies spent $6.2 billion securing the government's total information technology investment of approximately $68 billion or about 9.2 percent of the total information technology portfolio.^[3] This law has been amended by the Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014 (Pub. L. 113–283 (text) (PDF)), sometimes known as FISMA2014 or FISMA Reform. FISMA2014 struck subchapters II and III of chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code, amending it with the text of the new law in a new subchapter II (44 U.S.C. § 3551).