Female ejaculation is characterized as an expulsion of fluid from the Skene's gland at the lower end of the urethra during or before an orgasm. It is also known colloquially as squirting or gushing, although research indicates that female ejaculation and squirting are different phenomena, squirting being attributed to a sudden expulsion of liquid that partly comes from the bladder and contains urine.[1][2][3]
Female ejaculation is physiologically distinct from coital incontinence, with which it is sometimes confused.[4][5]
There have been few studies on female ejaculation.[6] A failure to adopt common definitions and research methodology by the scientific community has been the primary contributor to this lack of experimental data.[7] Research has suffered from highly selected participants, narrow case studies, or very small sample sizes, and consequently has yet to produce significant results. Much of the research into the composition of the fluid focuses on determining whether it is, or contains, urine.[6][8] It is common for any secretion that exits the vagina, and for fluid that exits the urethra, during sexual activity to be referred to as female ejaculate, which has led to significant confusion in the literature.[8]
Whether the fluid is secreted by the Skene's gland through and around the urethra has also been a topic of discussion; while the exact source and nature of the fluid remains controversial among medical professionals, and are related to doubts over the existence of the G-spot,[9][10][8] there is substantial evidence that the Skene's gland is the source of female ejaculation.[1][8] The function of female ejaculation, however, remains unclear.[8]
- ^ a b Pastor Z, Chmel R (May 2018). "Differential diagnostics of female "sexual" fluids: a narrative review". International Urogynecology Journal. 29 (5): 621–629. doi:10.1007/s00192-017-3527-9. PMID 29285596. S2CID 5045626.
- ^ Salama, Samuel; Boitrelle, Florence; Gauquelin, Amélie; Malagrida, Lydia; Thiounn, Nicolas; Desvaux, Pierre (2015). "Nature and origin of "squirting" in female sexuality". The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 12 (3): 661–666. doi:10.1111/jsm.12799. ISSN 1743-6095. PMID 25545022.
- ^ Rodriguez, Felix D.; Camacho, Amarilis; Bordes, Stephen J.; Gardner, Brady; Levin, Roy J.; Tubbs, R. Shane (2021). "Female ejaculation: An update on anatomy, history, and controversies". Clinical Anatomy. 34 (1): 103–107. doi:10.1002/ca.23654. PMID 32681804.
- ^ Pastor, Zlatko (July 2013). "Female ejaculation orgasm vs. coital incontinence: a systematic review". The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 10 (7): 1682–1691. doi:10.1111/jsm.12166. ISSN 1743-6109. PMID 23634659.
- ^ Serati M, Salvatore S, Uccella S, Nappi RE, Bolis P (2009). "Female urinary incontinence during intercourse: a review on an understudied problem for women's sexuality". J Sex Med. 6 (1): 40–8. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01055.x. PMID 19170835.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Estupinyà, Pere (2016). S=EX2: The Science of Sex. Springer. pp. 87–89. ISBN 978-3319317267.
- ^ J. Taverner, William (2005). Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in Human Sexuality. McGraw-Hill Education. pp. 80–89. ISBN 978-0072917116.
- ^ a b c d e Rodriguez FD, Camacho A, Bordes SJ, Gardner B, Levin RJ, Tubbs RS (2020). "Female ejaculation: An update on anatomy, history, and controversies". Clinical Anatomy. 34 (1): 103–107. doi:10.1002/ca.23654. PMID 32681804. S2CID 220634920.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Balon, Richard; Segraves, Robert Taylor (2009). Clinical Manual of Sexual Disorders. American Psychiatric Publishing. p. 258. ISBN 978-1585629053.
- ^ Greenberg, Jerrold S.; Bruess, Clint E.; Oswalt, Sara B. (2014). Exploring the Dimensions of Human Sexuality. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. pp. 102–104. ISBN 978-1449648510.