| 风云卫星 Fēngyún Wèixīng | |
 Model of FY-2 in Shanghai Science and Technology Museum | |
| Program overview | |
|---|---|
| Country |  People's Republic of China |
| Purpose | Meteorology |
| Status | Active |
| Program history | |
| First flight | 6 September 1988 |
| Vehicle information | |
| Launch vehicle(s) | |
Fēngyún (FY, simplified Chinese: 风云; traditional Chinese: 風雲; lit. 'wind cloud') are China's meteorological satellites. Launched since 1988 into polar Sun-synchronous and geosynchronous orbit, each three-axis stabilized Fengyun satellite is built by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST) and operated by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA).[1][2] To date, China has launched twenty-one Fengyun satellites in four classes (FY-1 through FY-4). Fengyun 1 and Fengyun 3 satellites are in polar, Sun-synchronous orbit and Low Earth orbit while Fengyun 2 and 4 are geosynchronous orbit.[2]
On 11 January 2007, China destroyed one of these satellites (FY-1C, COSPAR 1999-025A) in a test of an anti-satellite missile.[3][4] According to NASA, the intentional destruction of FY-1C created more than 3,000 high-velocity debris items, a larger amount of dangerous space debris than any other space mission in history.[5]
- ^ Gebhardt, Chris (4 July 2021). "China lofts Fengyun 3E polar weather satellite". NASA Spaceflight.
- ^ a b Xian, Di; Zhang, Peng; Fang, Meng; Liu, Chang; Jia, Xu (16 January 2020). "The First Fengyun Satellite International User Conference" (PDF). Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 38 (August 2021). Beijing, China: Springer Publishing: 1429–1432. doi:10.1007/s00376-020-2011-5. S2CID 216111411.
- ^ David, Leonard (2 February 2007). "China's Anti-Satellite Test: Worrisome Debris Cloud Circles Earth". Space.com.
- ^ Kestenbaum, David (19 January 2007). "Chinese Missile Destroys Satellite in 500-Mile Orbit". NPR.
- ^ NASA identifies Top Ten space junk missions Archived 2013-10-19 at the Wayback Machine; Michael Cooney, NetworkWorld, 28 July 2010