Fiber functors in category theory, topology and algebraic geometry refer to several loosely related functors that generalise the functors taking a covering space π : X → S {\displaystyle \pi \colon X\rightarrow S} to the fiber π − 1 ( s ) {\displaystyle \pi ^{-1}(s)} over a point s ∈ S {\displaystyle s\in S} .