Fife

Fife Fìobha (Scottish Gaelic)
Lieutenancy and council area
Coat of arms
Fife shown within Scotland
Coordinates: 56°15′00″N 3°12′00″W / 56.25000°N 3.20000°W / 56.25000; -3.20000
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Country	Scotland
Unitary authority	1 April 1996
Administrative HQ	Fife House, Glenrothes
Government [1]
• Type	Council
• Body	Fife Council
• Control	No overall control
• MPs	4 MPs Graeme Downie (L) Wendy Chamberlain (LD) Richard Baker (L) Melanie Ward (L)
• MSPs	5 MSPs Annabelle Ewing (SNP) Jenny Gilruth (SNP) Willie Rennie (LD) Shirley-Anne Somerville (SNP) David Torrance (SNP)
Area [2]
• Total	512 sq mi (1,325 km2)
• Rank	13th
Population  (2022)[2]
• Total	371,340
• Rank	3rd
• Density	700/sq mi (280/km2)
Demonym	Fifer
Time zone	UTC+0 (GMT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+1 (BST)
ISO 3166 code	GB-FIF
GSS code	S12000047
Website	fife.gov.uk

Fife (/faɪf/ FYFE, Scottish English: [fɐi̯f]; Scottish Gaelic: Fìobha [ˈfiːvə]; Scots: Fife) is a council area, historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area of Scotland. It is situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland boundaries with Perth and Kinross (i.e., the historic counties of Perthshire and Kinross-shire) and Clackmannanshire. By custom it is widely held to have been one of the major Pictish kingdoms, known as Fib, and is still commonly known as the Kingdom of Fife within Scotland. A person from Fife is known as a Fifer. In older documents the county was very occasionally known by the anglicisation Fifeshire.

Fife is Scotland's 3rd largest local authority area by population. It had a resident population of 371,340 in 2022,^[2] over a third of whom live in the three principal settlements, Dunfermline, Kirkcaldy and Glenrothes. On the northeast coast of Fife lies the historic town of St Andrews, home to the University of St Andrews—the most ancient university of Scotland and one of the oldest universities in the world—and the Old Course at St Andrews, considered the world's oldest golf course.