State of Medina Arabic: دولة المدينة | |||||||||||||
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622–632 | |||||||||||||
Left: Banner of Muhammad
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Capital | Medina | ||||||||||||
Common languages | Classical Arabic | ||||||||||||
Religion | Islam (official) Judaism Christianity | ||||||||||||
Government | Theocratic[1] Islamic state | ||||||||||||
Islamic Prophet, Statesman | |||||||||||||
• 623–632 | Muhammad | ||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
622 | |||||||||||||
623 | |||||||||||||
627 | |||||||||||||
628 | |||||||||||||
630 | |||||||||||||
632 | |||||||||||||
Currency | Dinar Dirham | ||||||||||||
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The first Islamic State, also known as State of Medina,[2] was the first Islamic state established by Islamic prophet Muhammad in Medina in 622 under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). After Muhammad's death, his companions known as the Rightly Guided Caliphs (Rashidun) founded the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), which began massive expansion and motivated subsequent Islamic states, such as the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) and Abbasid caliphate (750–1258).
The Islamic prophet Muhammad came to the city of Medina following the migration of his followers in what is known as the Hijrah (migration to Medina) in 622. He had been invited to Medina by city leaders to adjudicate disputes between clans from which the city suffered.[3] He left Medina to return to and conquer Mecca in December 629.
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