Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F)

Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F)
Stereo skeletal formula of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F) ((2S,6R)-6-meth,-2-ol)
Names
IUPAC name
2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
Abbreviations [18F]FDG
2047723
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
KEGG
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C6H11FO5/c7-3-5(10)4(9)2(1-8)12-6(3)11/h2-6,8-11H,1H2/t2-,3-,4-,5-,6+/m1/s1/i7-1 checkY
    Key: ZCXUVYAZINUVJD-AHXZWLDOSA-N checkY
  • OCC1OC(O)[C@H]([18F])[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
Properties
C6H1118FO5
Molar mass 181.1495 g mol−1
Melting point 170 to 176[1] °C (338 to 349 °F; 443 to 449 K)
Pharmacology
V09IX04 (WHO)
  • AU: X (High risk)
Intravenous
Pharmacokinetics:
6-Phosphorylation

Glycolysis

110 min (at 70%)

16 min (at 20%)

20% Radioactivity renally excreted in two hours
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (INN), or fluorodeoxyglucose F 18 (USAN and USP), also commonly called fluorodeoxyglucose and abbreviated [18F]FDG, 2-[18F]FDG or FDG, is a radiopharmaceutical, specifically a radiotracer, used in the medical imaging modality positron emission tomography (PET). Chemically, it is 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose, a glucose analog, with the positron-emitting radionuclide fluorine-18 substituted for the normal hydroxyl group at the C-2 position in the glucose molecule.

The uptake of [18F]FDG by tissues is a marker for the tissue uptake of glucose, which in turn is closely correlated with certain types of tissue metabolism. After [18F]FDG is injected into a patient, a PET scanner can form two-dimensional or three-dimensional images of the distribution of [18F]FDG within the body.

Since its development in 1976, [18F]FDG had a profound influence on research in the neurosciences.[2] The subsequent discovery in 1980 that [18F]FDG accumulates in tumors underpins the evolution of PET as a major clinical tool in cancer diagnosis.[3] [18F]FDG is now the standard radiotracer used for PET neuroimaging and cancer patient management.[4]

The images can be assessed by a nuclear medicine physician or radiologist to provide diagnoses of various medical conditions.

  1. ^ Pacák J, Točík Z, Černý M (1969). "Synthesis of 2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose". Journal of the Chemical Society D: Chemical Communications. 1969 (2): 77. doi:10.1039/C29690000077.
  2. ^ Newberg A, Alavi A, Reivich M (January 2002). "Determination of regional cerebral function with FDG-PET imaging in neuropsychiatric disorders". Seminars in Nuclear Medicine. 32 (1): 13–34. doi:10.1053/snuc.2002.29276. PMID 11839066.
  3. ^ Som P, Atkins HL, Bandoypadhyay D, Fowler JS, MacGregor RR, Matsui K, et al. (July 1980). "A fluorinated glucose analog, 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-18): nontoxic tracer for rapid tumor detection". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 21 (7): 670–5. PMID 7391842.
  4. ^ Kelloff GJ, Hoffman JM, Johnson B, Scher HI, Siegel BA, Cheng EY, et al. (April 2005). "Progress and promise of FDG-PET imaging for cancer patient management and oncologic drug development". Clinical Cancer Research. 11 (8): 2785–808. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2626. PMID 15837727.