Forces of the Fighters of the Tribes

Forces of the Fighters of the Tribes
Forces of the Fighters of the Tribes
Arabic: قوات مقاتلي العشائر, romanized: Quwat Muqatili al-Asha'ir
	Emblem of the militia. Top reads: "Syrian Arab Republic. The Army and the Armed Forces- Intelligence Branch." Bottom: "Lions of the Jazeera. Forces of the Fighters of the Tribes."
Leaders	Sheikh Turki al Buhamad; Ahmad al Buhamad;
Dates of operation	c. 2013/14 – present
Group(s)	Deir ez-Zor branch; Homs branch; Bayraq al-Suwayda (formerly);
Active regions	Syria
Size	5,000 (self-claim 2017)
Part of	Military Intelligence Directorate
Allies	Russia; Hezbollah; Iran
Opponents	Syrian opposition and allied mujahideen; Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
Battles and wars	Syrian Civil War Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–14); Siege of Deir ez-Zor (2014–17); Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (February–March 2016); Palmyra offensive (March 2016); Battle of al-Qaryatayn (March–April 2016); Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016) 2016 Aleppo summer campaign; Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016); ; East Aleppo offensive (January–April 2017); Syrian Desert campaign (May–July 2017); Central Syria campaign (2017); Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020);

The Forces of the Fighters of the Tribes (Arabic: قوات مقاتلي العشائر, romanized: Quwwāt Muqātilī l-ʿAšāʾir), also known as the Tribal Army^[2] (Arabic: جيش العشائر, romanized: Jayš al-ʿAšāʾir) and the Tribal Fighters (Arabic: مقاتلي العشائر, romanized: Muqatili al-Asha'ir),^[3] is a multi-tribal militia affiliated with the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate that takes part in the Syrian Civil War. Led by Turki al Buhamad, the Fighters of the Tribes played a vital role in the Assad government's efforts to retake central and eastern Syria. The militia is affiliated with the pro-Ba'athist branch of the Arab Socialist Movement, and is closely allied with Russia.^[4]

^ Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (2 April 2017). "Quwat Muqatili al-Asha'ir: Tribal Auxiliary Forces of the Military Intelligence". Retrieved 13 February 2019.
^ "Tribal Army Militias haggle people of Raqqa countryside for their sons". Nedaa Syria. 9 January 2018. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
^ Carter Center (2017), p. 3.
^ Actors and dynamics in the Syrian conflict's middle phase : between contentious politics, militarization and regime resilience. J. K. Gani, Raymond A. Hinnebusch. Abingdon, Oxon. 2022. pp. 222–223. ISBN 978-1-000-54593-7. OCLC 1273727207.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

[auxiliary-1] Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (2 April 2017). "Quwat Muqatili al-Asha'ir: Tribal Auxiliary Forces of the Military Intelligence". Retrieved 13 February 2019.

[haggle-2] "Tribal Army Militias haggle people of Raqqa countryside for their sons". Nedaa Syria. 9 January 2018. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2019.

[FOOTNOTECarter_Center20173-3] Carter Center (2017), p. 3.

[4] Actors and dynamics in the Syrian conflict's middle phase : between contentious politics, militarization and regime resilience. J. K. Gani, Raymond A. Hinnebusch. Abingdon, Oxon. 2022. pp. 222–223. ISBN 978-1-000-54593-7. OCLC 1273727207.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

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