Fraxinus americana

Fraxinus americana

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Oleaceae
Genus: Fraxinus
Section: Fraxinus sect. Melioides
Species:
F. americana
Binomial name
Fraxinus americana
Natural range of Fraxinus americana
Synonyms[3]
Synonymy
  • Aplilia macrophyla (Hoffmanns.) Raf.
  • Calycomelia acuminata (Lam.) Kostel.
  • Calycomelia alba (Marshall) Kostel.
  • Calycomelia americana (L.) Kostel.
  • Calycomelia biltmoreana (Beadle) Nieuwl.
  • Calycomelia epiptera (Michx.) Kostel.
  • Calycomelia juglandifolia (Lam.) Kostel.
  • Calycomelia pistaciifolia Nieuwl.
  • Calycomelia viridis (Bosc) Kostel.
  • Fraxinoides alba (Marshall) Medik.
  • Fraxinus acuminata Lam.
  • Fraxinus alba Marshall
  • Fraxinus albicans Buckley
  • Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle
  • Fraxinus canadensis Gaertn.
  • Fraxinus carolinensis Wangenh.
  • Fraxinus caroliniana Willd. 1806 not Mill. 1768
  • Fraxinus curtissii Vasey
  • Fraxinus discolor Muhl.
  • Fraxinus epiptera Michx.
  • Fraxinus glauca Raf.
  • Fraxinus grandifolia Raf.
  • Fraxinus juglandifolia Lam.
  • Fraxinus macrophylla Hoffmanns.
  • Fraxinus novae-angliae Mill
  • Fraxinus villosa Dum.Cours.
  • Fraxinus viridis Bosc
  • Leptalix acuminata (Lam.) Raf.
  • Leptalix alba (Marshall) Raf.
  • Leptalix epiptera (Michx.) Raf.
  • Leptalix glauca Raf.
  • Leptalix grandifolia Raf.
  • Leptalix juglandifolia (Lam.) Raf.
  • Leptalix viridis (Bosc) Raf.
  • Ornanthes americana (L.) Raf.
  • Ornus americana (L.) Bosc

Fraxinus americana, the white ash or American ash, is a fast-growing species of ash tree native to eastern and central North America.

The species is native to mesophytic hardwood forests from Nova Scotia west to Minnesota, south to northern Florida, and southwest to eastern Texas. Isolated populations have also been found in western Texas, Wyoming, and Colorado, and the species is reportedly naturalized in Hawaii.[4][5][6]

There are an estimated 8 billion ash trees in the United States[7] – the majority being white ash trees and green ash trees.[8][9][10][11] White ash trees are threatened by the spread of the invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), detected in Detroit, Michigan in 2002 and now found in eastern Canada and the majority of U.S. states, whose larvae kill ash trees.[1]

  1. ^ a b Jerome, D.; Westwood, M.; Oldfield, S.; Romero-Severson, J. (2017). "Fraxinus americana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T61918430A61918432. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T61918430A61918432.en. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
  2. ^ NatureServe (2 February 2024). "Fraxinus americana". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
  3. ^ "Fraxinus americana". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  4. ^ "Fraxinus americana". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
  5. ^ "Fraxinus americana". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ^ "Fraxinus americana". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  7. ^ "Ash Conservation Research". USDA.gov. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  8. ^ "The most common Ash species in the United States". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  9. ^ Griffith, Randy Scott (1991). "Fraxinus americana". Fire Effects Information System (FEIS). US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service (USFS), Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  10. ^ "Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Plant Finder". Missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  11. ^ Gucker, Corey L. (2005). "Fraxinus pennsylvanica". Fire Effects Information System (FEIS). US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service (USFS), Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Retrieved 9 May 2018.