Free City of Cracow

Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory Wolne, Niepodległe i Ściśle Neutralne Miasto Kraków i jego Okręg (Polish)
1815–1846
Flag Coat of arms
Location of the Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory within Europe
Territory of the Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory (orange) and its three neighbours (Kingdom of Prussia, Austrian Empire and Russian Empire)
Status	Protectorate of Austria, Prussia, and Russia
Capital	Cracow (Kraków)
Common languages	Polish (official) Yiddish German
Religion	Roman Catholic, Judaism
Government	Constitutional republic
President of the Senate
• 1815–1831	Stanisław Wodzicki [pl]
Legislature	Assembly of Representatives (Kraków)
History
• Established	3 May 1815
• November Uprising	29 November 1830
• Kraków Uprising	16 November 1846
Area
• Total	1,188.8 km2 (459.0 sq mi)
Currency	Polish zloty (to 1835) Kraków złoty (from 1835)
Preceded by Succeeded by Duchy of Warsaw Grand Duchy of Kraków Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
Today part of	Poland

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The Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory,^[a][b] more commonly known as the Free City of Cracow,^[c] and the Republic of Cracow,^[d] was a city republic created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which included the Polish city of Cracow (Kraków) and its surrounding areas.

It was jointly controlled by its three neighbours (Russia, Prussia, and Austria), and was a centre of agitation for an independent Poland. In 1846, in the aftermath of the unsuccessful Kraków Uprising, the Free City of Cracow was annexed by the Austrian Empire.^[1] It was a remnant of the Duchy of Warsaw, which was partitioned among the three states after the Congress in 1815.

The Free City of Cracow was an overwhelmingly Polish-speaking city-state; of its population 85% were Catholics, 14% were Jews, while other religions comprised less than 1%. The city of Cracow itself would develop a Jewish population reaching nearly 40% in the years following the end of the Free City, while the rest were almost exclusively Polish-speaking Catholics.^[2]

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