Fukuda (written: 福田) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Akiko Fukuda (福田 晶子, born 1937), Japanese long jumper
- Arihiro Fukuda (福田 有広, 1964–2003), Japanese historian of political thought
- Asuka Fukuda (福田 明日香, born 1984), Japanese singer
- Eriko Fukuda (福田 衣里子, born 1980), Japanese politician
- Fukuda Hideko (福田 英子, 1865–1927), Japanese feminist activist
- Fukuda Gyōkai (福田行誡, 1809 – 1888), Japanese Buddhist monk
- Jun Fukuda (福田 純, 1923–2000), Japanese film director
- Kanon Fukuda (福田 花音, born 1995), birth name of Maro Kannagi (巫 まろ), member of J-pop group S/mileage
- Kaoru Fukuda (福田 薫, born 1955), Japanese speed skater
- Katsuji Fukuda (福田 勝治, 1899–1991), photographer
- Keiji Fukuda (born c. 1955), American physician with expertise in influenza epidemiology
- Keiko Fukuda (福田 敬子, 1913–2013), Japanese-American judo 10th dan
- Koichi Fukuda, Japanese-American guitarist/keyboardist in Static-X
- Komei Fukuda (福田 公明, born 1951), Japanese mathematician
- Masahiro Fukuda (福田 正博, born 1966), Japanese footballer
- Masakazu Fukuda (福田 雅一, 1972–2000), Japanese professional wrestler
- Masanosuke Fukuda (福田 雅之助, 1897–1974), Japanese tennis player
- Mayuko Fukuda (福田 麻由子, born 1994), Japanese Actress
- Mitsuo Fukuda (福田 己津央, born 1960), Japanese animation director
- Robert Fukuda (1922–2013), American politician and lawyer
- Sadayoshi Fukuda (福田 定良, 1917–2002), Japanese critic and philosopher
- Shigeo Fukuda (福田 繁雄, 1932–2009), Japanese sculptor and graphic designer
- Shin-Ichi Fukuda (福田 進一, born 1955), Japanese classical guitarist
- Shogo Fukuda (福田 将吾, born 1984), Japanese basketball player and coach
- Shuhei Fukuda (福田 秀平, born 1989), Japanese baseball player
- Takeo Fukuda (福田 赳夫, 1905–1995), 67th Prime Minister of Japan
- Tatsuo Fukuda (福田 達夫, born 1967), Japanese politician
- Tokio Fukuda (福田 時雄, born 1915), Japanese hurdler
- Tokuzō Fukuda (福田 徳三, 1874–1930), Japanese economist
- Tomiaki Fukuda (福田 富昭, born 1941), Japanese sport wrestler and sports official
- Tomoya Fukuda (福田 友也, born 1992), Japanese footballer
- Toshiji Fukuda (福田 俊司, born 1948), Japanese photographer
- Tsuneari Fukuda (福田 恆存, 1912–1994), Japanese dramatist, translator and literary critic
- Yasuhiko Fukuda (福田 裕彦, born 1957), Japanese composer and keyboardist
- Yasuo Fukuda (福田 康夫, born 1936), 91st Prime Minister of Japan
- Yoshitaka Fukuda (福田 吉孝, born 1948), founder of Aiful consumer finance company