Fungal effectors

A diagram showing the infecting structures and effector delivery strategies of a model hemibiotrophic pathogen, Phytophthora infestans.

Fungal effectors are proteins or non-proteinaceous molecules (such as RNAs or small molecules) secreted by pathogenic fungi into a host organism in order to modulate the host's immune response.[1][2][3]

  1. ^ Bent AF, Mackey D (2007). "Elicitors, effectors, and R genes: the new paradigm and a lifetime supply of questions". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 45: 399–436. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.45.062806.094427. PMID 17506648.
  2. ^ Stergiopoulos I, de Wit PJ (2009). "Fungal effector proteins". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 47: 233–263. doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.112408.132637. PMID 19400631.
  3. ^ Shao D, Smith DL, Kabbage M, Roth MG (2021). "Effectors of Plant Necrotrophic Fungi". Frontiers in Plant Science. 12: 687713. doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.687713. PMC 8213389. PMID 34149788.