Gansu

Gansu
甘肃
Province of Gansu
Map showing the location of Gansu Province
Map showing the location of Gansu Province
Coordinates: 38°N 102°E / 38°N 102°E / 38; 102
CountryChina
Named for gān: Ganzhou District, Zhangye
/ : Suzhou District, Jiuquan
Capital
(and largest city)
Lanzhou
Divisions14 prefectures, 86 counties, 1344 townships
Government
 • TypeProvince
 • BodyGansu Provincial People's Congress
 • CCP SecretaryHu Changsheng
 • Congress chairmanHu Changsheng
 • GovernorRen Zhenhe
 • CPPCC chairmanZhuang Guotai
 • National People's Congress Representation52 deputies
Area
 • Total453,700 km2 (175,200 sq mi)
 • Rank7th
Highest elevation5,830 m (19,130 ft)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total25,019,831
 • Rank22nd
 • Density55/km2 (140/sq mi)
  • Rank27th
Demographics
 • Ethnic compositionHan: 91%
Hui: 5%
Dongxiang: 2%
Tibetan: 2%
 • Languages and dialectsZhongyuan Mandarin, Lanyin Mandarin, Amdo Tibetan
GDP (2023)[3]
 • TotalCN¥ 1,186 billion (27th)
US$ 168 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 47,867 (31th)
US$ 6,793
ISO 3166 codeCN-GS
HDI (2022)0.722[4] (29th) – high
WebsiteGansu.gov.cn
(Simplified Chinese)
Gansu
"Gansu" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese甘肃
Traditional Chinese甘肅
Literal meaning"Gan (zhou) and Su (zhou)"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGānsù
Bopomofoㄍㄢ   ㄙㄨˋ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhGansuh
Wade–GilesKan1-su4
IPA[kán.sû]
other Mandarin
Xiao'erjingقًاسُ
DunganГансў
Wu
SuzhouneseKoe-soh
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationGām-sūk
JyutpingGam1-suk1
IPA[kɐm˥.sʊk̚˥]
Southern Min
Tâi-lôKam-siok
Tibetan name
Tibetanཀན་སུའུ་ཞིང་ཆེན།
Transcriptions
Wyliekan su'u zhing chen[5]
Tibetan PinyinGainsu Xingqên
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicГаньсү муж
Mongolian scriptᠭᠠᠨᠰᠤ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ
Transcriptions
SASM/GNCɣansu muǰi
Uyghur name
Uyghurگەنسۇ ئۆلكىسى
Transcriptions
Latin YëziqiGensu ölkisi
Siril Yëziqiгәнсу өлкиси
Kazakh name
Kazakhگانسۋ ولكەسى
Ганьсу өлкесі
Gansu ölkesi

Gansu[a] is an inland province in Northwestern China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeast part of the province.

The seventh-largest administrative district by area at 453,700 square kilometres (175,200 sq mi), Gansu lies between the Tibetan and Loess plateaus and borders Mongolia's Govi-Altai Province, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia to the north, Xinjiang and Qinghai to the west, Sichuan to the south and Shaanxi to the east. The Yellow River passes through the southern part of the province. Part of Gansu's territory is located in the Gobi Desert. The Qilian mountains are located in the south of the Province.

Gansu has a population of 26 million, ranking 22nd in China. Its population is mostly Han, along with Hui, Dongxiang and Tibetan minorities. The most common language is Mandarin. Gansu is among the poorest administrative divisions in China, ranking 31st, last place, in GDP per capita as of 2019.

The state of Qin originated in what is now southeastern Gansu, and later established the first imperial dynasty in Chinese history. The Northern Silk Road ran through the Hexi Corridor, which passes through Gansu, resulting in it being an important strategic outpost and communications link for the Chinese empire.

The city of Jiayuguan, the second most populated city in Gansu, is known for its section of the Great Wall and the Jiayuguan Pass fortress complex.

  1. ^ "Communiqué of the Seventh National Population Census (No. 3)". National Bureau of Statistics of China. 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  2. ^ "Gansu - China knoema.com". baidu. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
  3. ^ "National Data". China NBS. March 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024. see also "zh: 2023年甘肃省国民经济和社会发展统计公报". gansu.gov.cn. 14 March 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024. The average exchange rate of 2023 was CNY 7.0467 to 1 USD dollar "Statistical communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2023 national economic and social development" (Press release). China NBS. 29 February 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  4. ^ "Human Development Indices (8.0)- China". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 23 September 2024.
  5. ^ Powers, John (2017). The Buddha party: how the people's Republic of China works to define and control Tibetan Buddhism. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. Appendix B, page 6. ISBN 9780199358151. OCLC 947145370.
  6. ^ "Gansu". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2 March 2021.


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