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| Gascon | |
|---|---|
| gascon | |
| Pronunciation | [ɡasˈku(ŋ)] |
| Native to | France Spain |
| Region | Gascony |
| Dialects | see below |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Spain |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | gsc retired and subsumed into oci[1] |
| Glottolog | gasc1240 |
| ELP | Gascon |
| IETF | oc-gascon[2][3] |
 Gascon speaking area | |
 Gascon is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010) | |
Gascon (English: /ˈɡæskən/; Gascon: [ɡasˈku(ŋ)], French: [ɡaskɔ̃]) is the vernacular Romance variety spoken mainly in the region of Gascony, France. It is often considered a variety of Occitan, although some authors consider it a different language.[4][5][6]
Gascon is mostly spoken in Gascony and Béarn (Béarnese dialect) in southwestern France (in parts of the following French départements: Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Hautes-Pyrénées, Landes, Gers, Gironde, Lot-et-Garonne, Haute-Garonne, and Ariège) and in the Val d'Aran of Catalonia.
Aranese, a southern Gascon variety, is spoken in Catalonia alongside Catalan and Spanish. Most people in the region are trilingual in all three languages, causing some influence from Spanish and Catalan. Both these influences tend to differentiate it more and more from the dialects of Gascon spoken in France. Most linguists now consider Aranese a distinct dialect of Occitan and Gascon. Since the 2006 adoption of the new statute of Catalonia, Aranese is co-official with Catalan and Spanish in all of Catalonia (before, this status was valid for the Aran Valley only).
It was also one of the mother tongues of the English kings Richard the Lionheart and his younger brother John Lackland.[citation needed]
- ^ "639 Identifier Documentation: gsc". SIL International.
- ^ "Gascon". 22 April 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
- ^ IANA language subtag registry, Wikidata Q57271947
- ^ Cf. Rohlfs, Gerhard. 1970. Le Gascon. Études de philologie pyrénéenne, 2e éd. Tubingen, Max Niemeyer, & Pau, Marrimpouey jeune.
- ^ Chambon, Jean-Pierre; Greub, Yan (2002). "Note sur l'âge du (proto)gascon". Revue de Linguistique Romane (in French). 66: 473–495.
- ^ Stephan Koppelberg, El lèxic hereditari caracteristic de l'occità i del gascó i la seva relació amb el del català (conclusions d'un analisi estadística), Actes del vuitè Col·loqui Internacional de Llengua i Literatura Catalana, Volume 1 (1988). Antoni M. Badia Margarit & Michel Camprubi ed. (in Catalan)