Gemfibrozil

Gemfibrozil
Clinical data
Trade namesLopid, Jezil, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa686002
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityClose to 100%
Protein binding95%
MetabolismLiver (CYP3A4)
Elimination half-life1.5 hours
ExcretionKidney 94%
Feces 6%
Identifiers
  • 5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethyl-pentanoic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.042.968 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC15H22O3
Molar mass250.338 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point61 to 63 °C (142 to 145 °F)
  • O=C(O)C(C)(C)CCCOc1cc(ccc1C)C
  • InChI=1S/C15H22O3/c1-11-6-7-12(2)13(10-11)18-9-5-8-15(3,4)14(16)17/h6-7,10H,5,8-9H2,1-4H3,(H,16,17) checkY
  • Key:HEMJJKBWTPKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Gemfibrozil, sold under the brand name Lopid among others, is a medication used to treat abnormal blood lipid levels.[3] It is generally less preferred than statins.[3][4] Use is recommended together with dietary changes and exercise.[3] It is unclear if it changes the risk of heart disease.[3] It is taken by mouth.[3]

Common side effects include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, and intestinal upset.[3] Serious side effects may include angioedema, gallstones, liver problems, and muscle breakdown.[3] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is of unclear safety.[5] It belongs to the fibrates group of medications and works by decreasing the breakdown of lipids in fat cells.[3]

Gemfibrozil was patented in 1968, and came into medical use in 1982.[6] It is available as a generic medication.[4] In 2021, it was the 177th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[7][8]

  1. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  2. ^ "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h "Gemfibrozil Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  4. ^ a b British National Formulary: BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 198–199. ISBN 9780857113382.
  5. ^ "Gemfibrozil Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  6. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 474. ISBN 9783527607495.
  7. ^ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  8. ^ "Gemfibrozil - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.