Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked nation in Central Asia, with an area of 199,951 km².[1] The national territory extends about 900 km (560 mi) from east to west and 410 km (250 mi) from north to south.[2]
Kyrgyzstan is bordered on the east and southeast by China, on the north by Kazakhstan, on the west by Uzbekistan, and on the south by Tajikistan. The borders with Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the Fergana Valley are rather complicated.[3] One consequence of the Stalinist division of Central Asia into five republics is that many ethnic Kyrgyz people do not live in Kyrgyzstan.[2] Three enclaves, legally part of the territory of Kyrgyzstan but geographically removed by several kilometers, have been established, two in Uzbekistan and one in Tajikistan.[2]
The terrain of Kyrgyzstan is dominated by the Tian Shan and Pamir mountain systems, which together occupy about 65% of national territory.[2] The Alay range portion of the Tian Shan system dominates the southwestern crescent of the country, and, to the east, the main Tian Shan range runs along the boundary between southern Kyrgyzstan and China before extending farther east into China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.[2] Kyrgyzstan's average elevation is 2,750 m (9,020 ft), ranging from 7,439 m (24,406 ft) at Peak Jengish Chokusu to 394 m (1,293 ft) in the Fergana Valley near Osh.[2] Almost 90% of the country lies more than 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above sea level.[2]
- ^ "The World Factbook: Kyrgyzstan" Archived 22 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine United States Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 12 January 2010
- ^ a b c d e f g
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Olcott, Martha Brill (1997). Curtis, Glenn E. (ed.). Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan: country studies (1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 119–125. ISBN 0-8444-0938-3. OCLC 36364151. Archived from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
- ^ Kamp, Marianne (2017). Megoran, Nick (ed.). "Broken Ties in the Ferghana Valley". Current History. 116 (792): 285–287. doi:10.1525/curh.2017.116.792.285. ISSN 0011-3530. JSTOR 48614284.
