George Maniakes

George Maniakes
Maniakes as depicted in the Madrid Skylitzes
Bornc. 998
Macedonia
Died1043 (aged 44–45)
Near Lake Vegoritida, west of Thessaloniki
AllegianceByzantine Empire

George Maniakes (Greek: Γεώργιος Μανιάκης;[a] Italian: Giorgio Maniace; died 1043) was a prominent general of the Byzantine Empire during the 11th century.[1][2][3] He was the catepan of Italy in 1042. He is known as Gyrgir in Scandinavian sagas. He is popularly said to have been extremely tall and well built, almost a giant.[4]


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  1. ^ Kaldellis, Anthony (2017-09-14). Streams of Gold, Rivers of Blood: The Rise and Fall of Byzantium, 955 A.D. to the First Crusade. University of Oxford Press. pp. 161–163. ISBN 978-0-190-25322-6.
  2. ^ Wolf, Kenneth Baxter (2016-11-11). Making History: The Normans and Their Historians in Eleventh-Century Italy. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 94–95. ISBN 978-1-5128-0901-5. But the Greek leader of the expedition, George Maniakes, ...
  3. ^ Kleinhenz, Christopher (2004). Medieval Italy : an encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. p. 193. ISBN 978-1-135-94880-1. OCLC 62243072. In 1126 the relics of Saint Agatha were brought back to the city from Constantinople, where the Greek general George Maniakes had taken them a century earlier.
  4. ^ Byzantino-Nordica 2004: Papers Presented at the International Symposium of Byzantine Studies Held on 7-11 May 2004 in Tartu, Estonia. Morgenstern Society. 2005. ISBN 9949112664.