Gerald Durrell | |
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.jpg) Durrell in Askania Nova, 1985 | |
| Born | Gerald Malcolm Durrell 7 January 1925 |
| Died | 30 January 1995 (aged 70) Saint Helier, Jersey |
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| Author abbrev. (zoology) | Durrell |
Gerald Malcolm Durrell, OBE (7 January 1925 – 30 January 1995) was a British naturalist, writer, zookeeper, conservationist, and television presenter. He was born in Jamshedpur in British India; he was the younger brother of the novelist Lawrence Durrell. He moved to England when his father died in 1928. In 1935 the family moved to Corfu, and stayed there for four years, before the outbreak of World War II forced them to return to the UK. In 1946 he received an inheritance from his father's will that he used to fund animal collecting trips to the British Cameroons and British Guiana. In 1949 he married Jacquie Rasen;[note 1] they had very little money, and she persuaded him to write an account of his first trip to the Cameroons. The result, titled The Overloaded Ark, sold well, and he began writing accounts of his other trips. An expedition to Argentina and Paraguay followed. In 1956 he published My Family and Other Animals, an account of his years in Corfu; it became a bestseller.
In the late 1950s he decided to found his own zoo. In 1957 he visited the Cameroons for the third time, and on his return attempted to persuade Bournemouth and Poole town councils to start local zoos; these plans came to nothing but he finally found a suitable site on the island of Jersey, and leased the property in late 1959. He envisaged the Jersey Zoo as an institution for the study of animals and for captive breeding, rather than a showcase for the public. In 1963 control of the zoo was turned over to the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. The zoo repeatedly came close to bankruptcy over the next few years, and Durrell raised money for by his writing and by fundraising appeals. The site for the zoo was leased, and in order to guarantee the zoo's future, Durrell launched an successful appeal in 1970 for funds to purchase the property. He wrote about his further expeditions, and the zoo, and also continued to mine his past for autobiographical material, including two further books about Corfu.
In 1976 he separated from his wife; they were divorced in 1979, and Durrell remarried, to Lee McGeorge, an American zoologist. He and Lee made several television documentaries in the 1980s, including Durrell in Russia and Ark on the Move. They co-authored The Amateur Naturalist, which was intended for amateurs who wanted to know more about the natural history of the world around them, though it also had sections about each of the world's major ecosystems. A television series was made from the book, which became his most successful, selling well over a million copies.
He received an OBE in 1982. In 1984 he founded the Durrell Conservation Academy, to train conservationists in captive breeding. He was diagnosed with liver cancer and cirrhosis in 1994, and received a liver transplant, but died the following January. He was cremated, and his ashes were buried at Jersey Zoo.
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