When the German Empire came into existence in 1871,[1] none of its constituent states had any overseas colonies. Only after the Berlin Conference in 1884 did Germany begin to acquire new overseas possessions,[2][3] but it had a much longer relationship with colonialism dating back to the 1520s.[4][5]: 9 Before the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, various German states established chartered companies to set up trading posts; in some instances they also sought direct territorial and administrative control over these. After 1806, attempts at securing possession of territories overseas were abandoned; instead, private trading companies took the lead in the Pacific[6] while joint-stock companies and colonial associations initiated projects elsewhere, although many never progressed beyond the planning stage.[7][8]
- ^ Mark Allinson (30 October 2014). Germany and Austria since 1814. Routledge. pp. 33–. ISBN 978-1-4441-8652-9.
- ^ Brantlinger, Patrick (1985). "Victorians and Africans: The Genealogy of the Myth of the Dark Continent". Critical Inquiry. 12 (1): 166–203. doi:10.1086/448326. JSTOR 1343467. S2CID 161311164.
- ^ R. Robinson, J. Gallagher and A. Denny, Africa and the Victorians, London, 1965, p. 175.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Labellwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cassidy, Eugene (2015). Germanness, Civilization, and Slavery: Southern Brazil as German Colonial Space (1819-1888) (PDF) (PhD). University of Michigan. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
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