| Giant barrel sponge | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Porifera |
| Class: | Demospongiae |
| Order: | Haplosclerida |
| Family: | Petrosiidae |
| Genus: | Xestospongia |
| Species: | X. muta
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| Binomial name | |
| Xestospongia muta (Schmidt, 1870)[2]
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| Synonyms | |
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The giant barrel sponge (Xestospongia muta) is the largest species of sponge found growing on Caribbean coral reefs. It is common at depths greater than 10 metres (33 ft) down to 120 metres (390 ft) and can reach a diameter of 1.8 metres (6 feet). It is typically brownish-red to brownish-gray in color, with a hard or stony texture.[3]
The giant barrel sponge has been called the "redwood of the reef"[4] because of its large size and its long lifespan, which can be more than 2,000 years.[5] It is, perhaps, the best-studied species of sponge in the sea; a population on Conch Reef, in the Florida Keys, has been monitored and studied since 1997.[6]
- ^ "Xestospongia muta, Giant barrel sponge". SeaLifeBase. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
- ^ van Soest, Rob. "Xestospongia muta". World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). Retrieved 8 January 2011.
- ^ Zea, S.; et al. (2014). "The Sponge Guide". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-06-23.
- ^ "Redwoods of the Reef". Pawlik Lab.
- ^ McMurray, S. E.; Blum, J. E.; Pawlik, J. R. (2008). "Redwood of the reef: growth and age of the giant barrel sponge Xestospongia muta in the Florida Keys". Marine Biology. 155 (2): 159–171. doi:10.1007/s00227-008-1014-z. S2CID 55834932.
- ^ McMurray, Steven E.; Henkel, Timothy P.; Pawlik, Joseph R. (2010). "Demographics of increasing populations of the giant barrel sponge Xestospongia muta in the Florida Keys". Ecology. 91 (2): 560–570. doi:10.1890/08-2060.1. ISSN 0012-9658. PMID 20392020.