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| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Hydroxyacetonitrile | |||
Other names
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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| 605328 | |||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.155 | ||
| EC Number |
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| MeSH | glycolonitrile | ||
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |||
| C2H3NO | |||
| Molar mass | 57.052 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colourless, oily liquid | ||
| Odor | odorless[2] | ||
| Density | 1.10 g/mL (18.89°C)[2] | ||
| Melting point | < −72 °C; −98 °F; 201 K[2] | ||
| Boiling point | 99.6 °C; 211.2 °F; 372.7 K at 2.3 kPa | ||
| soluble[2] | |||
| Vapor pressure | 1 mmHg (62.78°C)[2] | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards
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forms cyanide in the body[2] | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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none[2] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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C 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) [15-minute][2] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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N.D.[2] | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related alkanenitriles
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Related compounds
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DBNPA | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Glycolonitrile, also called hydroxyacetonitrile or formaldehyde cyanohydrin, is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2CN. It is the simplest cyanohydrin and it is derived from formaldehyde.[3] It is a colourless liquid that dissolves in water and ether. Because glycolonitrile decomposes readily into formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide, it is listed as an extremely hazardous substance. In January 2019, astronomers reported the detection of glycolonitrile, another possible building block of life among other such molecules, in outer space.[4]
- ^ a b c d "Glycolonitrile". NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. USA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 4 April 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0304". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Gaudry, R. (1955). "Glycolonitrile". Organic Syntheses; Collected Volumes, vol. 3, p. 436.
- ^ Queen Mary University of London (23 January 2019). "Astronomers find star material could be building block of life". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 24 January 2019.