| Godfrey of Bouillon | |
|---|---|
 Godfrey of Bouillon, from the Roman de Godefroy de Bouillon by Maître du Roman de Fauvel, c. 1330 | |
| Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre | |
| Reign | 22 July 1099 – 18 July 1100 |
| Successor | Baldwin I (as King of Jerusalem) |
| Duke of Lower Lorraine | |
| Reign | 1087–1099 |
| Predecessor | Conrad |
| Successor | Henry I |
| Born | c. 1060 Boulogne, County of Flanders |
| Died | 18 July 1100 (aged 39–40) Jerusalem, Kingdom of Jerusalem |
| Burial | Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem |
| House | House of Flanders |
| Father | Eustace II of Boulogne |
| Mother | Ida of Lorraine |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Godfrey of Bouillon (French: Godefroy; Dutch: Godfried; German: Gottfried; Latin: Godefridus Bullionensis; 1060 – 18 July 1100) was a preeminent leader of the First Crusade, and the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1099 to 1100. Although initially reluctant to take the title of king, he agreed to rule as prince (princeps) under the title Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri, or Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre.[1][2][3]
He was the second son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne in France. He received an inheritance from his mother's family in 1076 when he became Lord of Bouillon, which is now in Belgium. In 1087 Emperor Henry IV also confirmed him as Duke of Lower Lorraine, in reward for his support during the Great Saxon Revolt.
Along with his brothers Eustace III and Baldwin of Boulogne, Godfrey joined the First Crusade in 1096. He took part in actions at Nicaea, Dorylaeum, and Antioch, before playing a key role during the capture of Jerusalem in 1099. When Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse declined the offer to become ruler of the new kingdom, Godfrey accepted the role and secured his kingdom by defeating the Fatimids at Ascalon a month later, bringing the First Crusade to an end. He died in July 1100 and was succeeded by his brother Baldwin as King of Jerusalem.
- ^ Ibrahim, Raymond (2022). "Duke Godfrey: Defender of Christ's Sepulchre". Defenders of the West. New York: Bombardier Books. p. 48. ISBN 9781642938203.
God forbid", said he, "that I should be crowned with a crown of gold, where my Saviour bore a crown of thorns.
- ^ Murray 2000, pp. 70–77.
- ^ Rubenstein 2008, pp. 61–62.