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A Goodyear welt is a strip of leather, rubber, or plastic that runs along the perimeter of a shoe outsole.[1] The basic principle behind the Goodyear welt machine was invented in 1862 by August Destouy, who designed a machine with a curved needle to stitch turned shoes.[2][3][4][5] The machine was then improved in 1869 and later by Destouy and, more importantly, Daniel Mills, an English mechanic, both employed by Charles Goodyear Jr., the son of Charles Goodyear.[2][3][6][7] It has been noted by historians that Goodyear was a frequent visitor to the shoe factory of William J. Dudley, founder of Johnston & Murphy, where early work on sole stitching equipment was performed.[8]