The Gorkhaland movement is a campaign to create a separate state within India in the Gorkhaland region of West Bengal for the Nepali-speaking Indians. The proposed state includes the hill regions of the Darjeeling district, Kalimpong district and Dooars regions that include Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar and parts of Cooch behar districts. A demand for a separate administrative unit in Darjeeling has existed since 1909, when the Hillmen's Association of Darjeeling submitted a memorandum to Minto-Morley Reforms demanding a separate administrative setup.[1]
The proposed Gorkhaland will have an area of over 7,500 sq km and it would be bigger than the Indian states of Goa and Sikkim. Its population is four million roughly equal to the population of Manipur and Tripura. However the proposed state doesn't have a Gorkha majority. Gorkhas constitute only around 35 per cent of the total population in the proposed state (In the Darjeeling district, Nepali is spoken by 40% of the population,[2] While in the Kalimpong district, It is spoken by 51% of the population.[2] Around 15–20 % in the Dooars and Terai regions) have stated Nepali as their mother tongue. The rest of the population would be Rajbongshis (25%), Adivasis (20%), Bengalis (15%) and around 5% others (Totos, Mechs and Biharis).[3]