| Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam ታላቁ የኢትዮጵያ ሕዳሴ ግድብ | |
|---|---|
 The main dam after full filling in August 2024 | |
  Location of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam ታላቁ የኢትዮጵያ ሕዳሴ ግድብ in Ethiopia | |
| Official name | |
| Country | Ethiopia |
| Location | Guba, Benishangul-Gumuz Region |
| Coordinates | 11°12′55″N 35°05′35″E / 11.21528°N 35.09306°E |
| Purpose | Power |
| Status | Under construction |
| Construction began | 2 April 2011 |
| Opening date | 21 July 2020[1] |
| Construction cost | US$5 billion |
| Owner(s) | Ethiopian Electric Power |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Type of dam | Gravity, roller-compacted concrete |
| Impounds | Blue Nile River |
| Height | 155 m (509 ft)[2] |
| Length | 1,780 m (5,840 ft) |
| Elevation at crest | 655 m (2,149 ft) |
| Dam volume | 10,400,000 m3 (13,600,000 cu yd) |
| Spillways | 1 gated, 2 ungated |
| Spillway type | 6 sector gates for the gated spillway |
| Spillway capacity | 14,700 m3/s (520,000 cu ft/s) for the gated spillway |
| Reservoir | |
| Creates | Millennium Reservoir |
| Total capacity | 74×109 m3 (60,000,000 acre⋅ft) |
| Active capacity | 59.2×109 m3 (48,000,000 acre⋅ft) |
| Inactive capacity | 14.8×109 m3 (12,000,000 acre⋅ft) |
| Catchment area | 172,250 km2 (66,510 sq mi) |
| Surface area | 1,874 km2 (724 sq mi) |
| Maximum length | 246 km (153 mi) |
| Maximum water depth | 140 m (460 ft) |
| Normal elevation | 640 m (2,100 ft) |
| Power Station | |
| Operator(s) | Ethiopian Electric Power |
| Commission date | 2022–?[3] |
| Type | hydropower |
| Turbines |
|
| Installed capacity | |
| Capacity factor | 28.6% |
| Annual generation | 15.76 TWh (est., planned)[5] |
| Website www | |
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD or TaIHiGe; Amharic: ታላቁ የኢትዮጵያ ሕዳሴ ግድብ, romanized: Tālāqu ye-Ītyōppyā Hidāsē Gidib, Tigrinya: ግድብ ሕዳሰ ኢትዮጵያ, Oromo: Hidha Haaromsaa Guddicha Itoophiyaa[6]), formerly known as the Millennium Dam and sometimes referred to as the Hidase Dam (Amharic: ሕዳሴ ግድብ, romanized: Hidāsē Gidib, Oromo: Hidha Hidāsē), is a gravity dam on the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia. The dam is in the Benishangul-Gumuz Region of Ethiopia, about 14 km (9 mi) east of the border with Sudan.[7][8]
Constructed between 2011 and 2023, the dam's primary purpose is electricity production to relieve Ethiopia's acute energy shortage and to export electricity to neighbouring countries. With a planned installed capacity of 5.15 gigawatts when completed, the dam will be the largest hydroelectric power plant in Africa [9] and among the 20 largest in the world.[10][11][12]
The first phase of filling the reservoir began in July 2020 and in August 2020 the water level increased to 540 meters (40 meters higher than the bottom of the river which is at 500 meters above sea level).[1][13] The second phase of filling was completed on 19 July 2021, with water levels increased to around 575 meters.[14] The third filling was completed on 12 August 2022 to a level of 600 metres (2,000 ft).[15] The fourth filling was completed on 10 September 2023 with water levels at around 625 metres (2,051 ft).[16]
On 20 February 2022, the dam produced electricity for the first time, delivering 375 MW to the grid.[3] A second 375 MW turbine was commissioned in August 2022.[17] The third and fourth 400 MW turbines were commissioned in August 2024.[18]
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
bbcnews-celebrationswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
hidasse-aboutdamwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b "Ethiopia starts generating power from River Nile dam". BBC News. 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
ezawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
pomawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Hidha Haaromsaa Guddicha Itoophiyaa 'Adwaa Lammaffaa' lammiilee Itoophiyaa tokkoomse". BBC News Afaan Oromoo (in Oromo). Retrieved 1 March 2022.
- ^ "Ethiopia's biggest dam to help neighbours solve power problem". News One. 17 April 2011. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2011.
- ^ Roussi, Antoaneta (10 October 2019). "Nations Clash over Giant Nile Dam". Nature. 574 (7777): 159–60. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02987-6. PMID 31595068. S2CID 203929162.
- ^ "The bitter dispute over Africa's largest dam". The Economist.
- ^ "Ethiopia: GERD Increases Generation Capacity". allAfrica. 28 February 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
- ^ "Salini will build the biggest dam in Africa". Salini Construttori. 31 March 2011. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2011.
- ^ Ahmed, A. T.; Elsanabary, M. H. (13 March 2015). "Hydrological and Environmental Impacts of Grand Renaissance Dam on the Nile River" (PDF). Sharm El Sheikh– Egypt: Eighteenth International Water Technology Conference (CNKI). Retrieved 9 April 2015.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
tractebel-20200910was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "People's Dam Impounded, GERD-Locked Diplomacy, and Egypt's Red Line for a Non-Deferent Ethiopia". Geopolitics Press. 22 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
aljazeera22was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
reuters23was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Ethiopia announces that second turbine in GERD is in operation". Africanews. 11 August 2022. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
- ^ "GERD: Two More Turbines Start Commercial Operations". Ethiopian Monitor. 25 August 2024.