Granisetron

Granisetron
Clinical data
Trade names	Kytril, Sancuso, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a601211
License data	EU EMA: by INN;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B1; ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, intravenous, transdermal
ATC code	A04AA02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	60%
Protein binding	65%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	3–14 hours
Excretion	Renal 11–12%, faecal 38%
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-Methyl-N-((1R,3r,5S)-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide;
CAS Number	109889-09-0 ;
PubChem CID	3510;
IUPHAR/BPS	2300; [3H]granisetron: 2292;
DrugBank	DB00889 ;
ChemSpider	10482033 ;
UNII	WZG3J2MCOL;
KEGG	D04370 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:5537 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL519643 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0023111 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.212.327
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C18H24N4O
Molar mass	312.417 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CN4[C@@H]1CCC[C@H]4C[C@H](C1)NC(=O)c3nn(C)c2ccccc23;
	InChI InChI=1S/C18H24N4O/c1-21-13-6-5-7-14(21)11-12(10-13)19-18(23)17-15-8-3-4-9-16(15)22(2)20-17/h3-4,8-9,12-14H,5-7,10-11H2,1-2H3,(H,19,23)/t12-,13+,14- ; Key:MFWNKCLOYSRHCJ-BTTYYORXSA-N ;
	(what is this?) (verify)

Granisetron is a serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist used as an antiemetic to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Its main effect is to reduce the activity of the vagus nerve, which is a nerve that activates the vomiting center in the medulla oblongata. It does not have much effect on vomiting due to motion sickness. This drug does not have any effect on dopamine receptors or muscarinic receptors.

Granisetron was developed by chemists working at the British drug company Beecham c. 1985 and is available as a generic. It is produced by Roche Laboratories under the trade name Kytril. The drug was approved in the United Kingdom in 1991 and in United States in 1994 by the FDA.

A granisetron transdermal patch with the trade name Sancuso was approved by the US FDA on September 12, 2008.^[1] Sancuso is manufactured by 3M Drug Delivery Systems for Kyowa Kirin, Inc.

It was patented in 1985 and approved for medical use in 1991.^[2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.^[3]

^ "FDA Approves Sancuso, the First and Only Patch for Preventing Nausea and Vomiting in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy". PRNewswire. September 12, 2008.
^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 448. ISBN 9783527607495.
^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.

[1] "FDA Approves Sancuso, the First and Only Patch for Preventing Nausea and Vomiting in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy". PRNewswire. September 12, 2008.

[2] Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 448. ISBN 9783527607495.

[WHO22nd-3] World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.

[1]

[2]

[3]