Gratitude

Gratitude, thankfulness, or gratefulness is a feeling of appreciation (or similar positive response) by a recipient of another's kindness. This kindness can be gifts, help, favors, or another form of generosity to another person.

The word comes from the Latin word gratus, which means "pleasing" or "thankful".^[1] The absence of gratitude where gratitude is expected is called ingratitude^[2] or ungratefulness.^[3]

Gratitude has been a part of several world religions.^[4] It also has been a topic of interest to ancient, medieval, and modern philosophers.^[5]

The discipline of psychology attempts to understand the short term experience of gratitude (state gratitude), individual differences in how frequently gratitude is felt (trait gratitude), the relationship between these two, and the therapeutic benefits of gratitude.^[6]

^ "Definition of Gratitude", Oxford Dictionary, archived from the original on 24 September 2016
^ Bate, John (1865). A Cyclopædia of Illustrations of Moral and Religious Truths. p. 460.
^ Webster, Noah (1854). An American Dictionary of the English Language. p. 542.
^ Emmons, Robert A.; Crumpler, Cheryl A. (2000). "Gratitude as a Human Strength: Appraising the Evidence". Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 19 (1): 56–69. doi:10.1521/jscp.2000.19.1.56.
^ Manela, Tony (2019). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Gratitude". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
^
- Wood, A. M.; Maltby, J.; Stewart, N.; Linley, P. A.; Joseph, S. (2008). "A social-cognitive model of trait and state levels of gratitude" (PDF). Emotion. 8 (2): 281–290. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.8.2.281. PMID 18410201. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2018.
- McCullough, Michael E.; Tsang, Jo-Ann; Emmons, Robert A. (2004). "Gratitude in Intermediate Affective Terrain: Links of Grateful Moods to Individual Differences and Daily Emotional Experience". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 86 (2). American Psychological Association (APA): 295–309. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.295. ISSN 1939-1315. PMID 14769085.

[1] "Definition of Gratitude", Oxford Dictionary, archived from the original on 24 September 2016

[2] Bate, John (1865). A Cyclopædia of Illustrations of Moral and Religious Truths. p. 460.

[3] Webster, Noah (1854). An American Dictionary of the English Language. p. 542.

[ReferenceB-4] Emmons, Robert A.; Crumpler, Cheryl A. (2000). "Gratitude as a Human Strength: Appraising the Evidence". Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 19 (1): 56–69. doi:10.1521/jscp.2000.19.1.56.

[manela-5] Manela, Tony (2019). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Gratitude". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 14 May 2024.

[6] 
Wood, A. M.; Maltby, J.; Stewart, N.; Linley, P. A.; Joseph, S. (2008). "A social-cognitive model of trait and state levels of gratitude" (PDF). Emotion. 8 (2): 281–290. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.8.2.281. PMID 18410201. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2018.
McCullough, Michael E.; Tsang, Jo-Ann; Emmons, Robert A. (2004). "Gratitude in Intermediate Affective Terrain: Links of Grateful Moods to Individual Differences and Daily Emotional Experience". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 86 (2). American Psychological Association (APA): 295–309. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.295. ISSN 1939-1315. PMID 14769085.

[7] Wood, A. M.; Maltby, J.; Stewart, N.; Linley, P. A.; Joseph, S. (2008). "A social-cognitive model of trait and state levels of gratitude" (PDF). Emotion. 8 (2): 281–290. doi:10.1037/1528-3542.8.2.281. PMID 18410201. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2018.

[8] McCullough, Michael E.; Tsang, Jo-Ann; Emmons, Robert A. (2004). "Gratitude in Intermediate Affective Terrain: Links of Grateful Moods to Individual Differences and Daily Emotional Experience". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 86 (2). American Psychological Association (APA): 295–309. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.295. ISSN 1939-1315. PMID 14769085.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]