Grenada | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Ever Conscious of God We Aspire, Build and Advance as One People"[2] | |
| Anthem: "Hail Grenada" | |
.svg) | |
| Capital and largest city | St. George's 12°03′N 61°45′W / 12.050°N 61.750°W |
| Official languages | |
| Recognised regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2020[5]) | |
| Religion (2020)[6] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Grenadian[7] |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Cécile La Grenade | |
| Dickon Mitchell | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
| 3 March 1967 | |
• Independence from the United Kingdom | 7 February 1974 |
| 13 March 1979 | |
• Constitution Restoration | 4 December 1984 |
| Area | |
• Total | 348.5 km2 (134.6 sq mi) (185th) |
• Water (%) | 1.6 |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 124,610[8][9] (179th) |
• Density | 318.58/km2 (825.1/sq mi) (45th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total |  $2.3 billion[10] |
• Per capita | $20,195[10] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $1.3 billion[10] |
• Per capita | $11,437[10] |
| HDI (2022) | 0.793[11] high (73rd) |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (AST) |
| Drives on | left |
| Calling code | +1-473 |
| ISO 3166 code | GD |
| Internet TLD | .gd |
Grenada (/ɡrəˈneɪdə/ grə-NAY-də; Grenadian Creole French: Gwenad, [ɡweˈnad]) is an island country of the West Indies in the eastern Caribbean Sea. The southernmost of the Windward Islands, Grenada is directly south of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and about 100 miles (160 km) north of Trinidad and the South American mainland.
Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and are a part of the Grenadines. Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), with an estimated population of 114,621 in 2024.[12] Its capital is St. George's.[12] Grenada is also known as the "Island of Spice" due to its production of nutmeg and mace crops.[13]
12°07′N 61°40′W / 12.117°N 61.667°W
Before the arrival of Europeans in the Americas, Grenada was inhabited by the indigenous peoples from South America.[14] Christopher Columbus sighted Grenada in 1498 during his third voyage to the Americas.[12] Following several unsuccessful attempts by Europeans to colonise the island due to resistance from resident Island Caribs, French settlement and colonisation began in 1649 and continued for the next century.[15] On 10 February 1763, Grenada was ceded to the British under the Treaty of Paris. British rule continued until 1974 (except for a brief French takeover between 1779 and 1783).[16] However, on 3 March 1967, it was granted full autonomy over its internal affairs as an Associated State, and from 1958 to 1962, Grenada was part of the Federation of the West Indies, a short-lived federation of British West Indian colonies.
Independence was granted on 7 February 1974 under the leadership of Eric Gairy, who became the first prime minister of Grenada as a sovereign state. The new country became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state.[12] In March 1979, the Marxist–Leninist New Jewel Movement overthrew Gairy's government in a bloodless coup d'état and established the People's Revolutionary Government (PRG), headed by Maurice Bishop as prime minister.[17] Bishop was later arrested and executed by members of the People's Revolutionary Army (PRA), which was used to justify a U.S.-led invasion in October 1983. Since then, the island has returned to a parliamentary representative democracy and has remained politically stable.[12] A Governor General represents the Head of State. The country is currently headed by King Charles III, King of Grenada, and 14 other commonwealth realms.
- ^ "Grenadian Creole English - English Dictionary".
- ^ "Government of Grenada Website". Retrieved 1 November 2007.
- ^ "National anthem". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
- ^ "King Charles III visits Grenada Parliament, Caribbean Royal Tour 2019" on YouTube
- ^ "Grenada - The World Factbook". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Retrieved 15 January 2021.
- ^ "World Religion Database, National Profile".
- ^ "About Grenada, Carriacou & Petite Martinique". Gov.gd. Archived from the original on 10 September 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
- ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ a b c d "World Economic Outlook October 2023 (Grenada)". International Monetary Fund. October 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "CIA World Factbook – Grenada". Retrieved 7 July 2024.
- ^ "Grenada | History, Geography, & Points of Interest". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Hanna Camerhognewas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
grenada-frenchwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Steele 2003, pp. 35–36.
- ^ Jacobs, Curtis (1 January 2015), "Grenada, 1949–1979: Precursor to Revolution", The Grenada Revolution, University Press of Mississippi, doi:10.14325/mississippi/9781628461510.003.0002, ISBN 978-1-62846-151-0
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).