&sq=&lang=&file=File:JohnGardner_Grendel_1st.jpg) First edition 1971 cover | |
| Author | John Gardner |
|---|---|
| Cover artist | Emil Antonucci |
| Language | English |
| Genre | European mythology Fantasy novel Postmodern literature |
| Publisher | Alfred A. Knopf (USA) & Gollancz (UK) |
Publication date | 1971 |
| Publication place | USA |
| Media type | Print (Hardback & Paperback) |
| Pages | 174 (hardback edition USA) 144 (paperback edition UK) |
| ISBN | 0-394-47143-1 (hardback edition USA) & ISBN 0-575-07582-1 (paperback edition UK) |
| OCLC | 161732 |
| 813/.5/4 | |
| LC Class | PZ4.G23117 Gr PS3557.A712 |
Grendel is a 1971 novel by the American author John Gardner.[1] It is a retelling of part of the Old English poem Beowulf from the perspective of the antagonist, Grendel. In the novel, Grendel is portrayed as an antihero. The novel deals with finding meaning in the world, the power of literature and myth, and the nature of good and evil.
In a 1973 interview, Gardner said, "In Grendel I wanted to go through the main ideas of Western civilization – which seemed to me to be about ... twelve? – and go through them in the voice of the monster, with the story already taken care of, with the various philosophical attitudes (though with Sartre in particular), and see what I could do, see if I could break out."[2] On another occasion, he noted that he used Grendel to "represent Sartre's philosophical position" and that "a lot of Grendel is borrowed from sections of Sartre's Being and Nothingness".[3]
Grendel has become one of Gardner's best-known and best-reviewed works. Several editions of the novel contain pen and ink line drawings of Grendel's head, by Emil Antonucci. Ten years after publication, the novel was adapted into the 1981 animated film Grendel Grendel Grendel.
- ^ Gardner, John (1971). Grendel. New York City: Ballantine Books. ISBN 0-345-27509-8.
- ^ Bellamy, Joe Don; Ensworth, Pat (1990). "John Gardner". In Chavkin, Allan (ed.). Conversations With John Gardner. Jackson, Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi. p. 10. ISBN 978-0878054237.
- ^ Barry Silesky, John Gardner: Literary Outlaw, Algonquin Books, 2004, p.165