Gurgaon | |
---|---|
Gurugram | |
Gurgaon city skyline along with the Rapid Metro Sultanpur National Park | |
Nickname: Millennium city | |
Location of Gurgaon in Haryana | |
Coordinates: 28°27′22″N 77°01′44″E / 28.456°N 77.029°E | |
Country | India |
State | Haryana |
District | Gurgaon district |
Created | 1979 |
Government | |
• Body | Gurgaon Municipal Corporation[1] |
• Mayor | Madhu Azad |
• MLA | Sudhir Singla (BJP) |
• Lok Sabha constituency | Gurgaon Lok Sabha Constituency |
• Vidhan Sabha constituency | Gurgaon City |
• Planning agency | Gurugram Metropolitan Development Authority |
Area | |
• Total | 332.50 km2 (128.38 sq mi) |
Elevation | 217 m (711.9 ft) |
Population | |
• Total | 876,969 |
• Density | 2,600/km2 (6,800/sq mi) |
Languages | |
• Official | Hindi |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 122xxx |
Area code | 0124 |
Vehicle registration | HR-26 HR-98 HR-55 (commercial) |
HDI (2017) | 0.889[5] very high |
Website | gurugram |
Gurgaon (Hindi: [ɡʊɽɡãːw]), officially named Gurugram ([ɡʊɾʊɡɾaːm]), is a satellite city of Delhi and administrative headquarters of Gurgaon district, located in the northern Indian state of Haryana.[6] It is situated near the Delhi–Haryana border, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of the national capital New Delhi and 268 km (167 mi) south of Chandigarh, the state capital.[7] It is one of the major satellite cities of Delhi and is part of the National Capital Region of India.[8] As of 2011[update], Gurgaon had a population of 876,969.[2][4]
Gurgaon is India's second largest information technology hub and third largest financial and banking hub.[9][10] Gurgaon is also home to one of India's largest medical tourism industries.[11] Despite being India's 56th largest city in terms of population, Gurgaon is the 8th largest city in the country in terms of total wealth.[12] It serves as the headquarters of many of India's largest companies, is home to thousands of startup companies and has local offices for more than 250 Fortune 500 companies.[13] It accounts for almost 70% of the total annual economic investments in Haryana state, which has helped it become a leading hub for high-tech industry in northern India.[14] Gurgaon is categorised as very high on the Human Development Index, with an HDI of 0.889 (2017).[15]
Gurgaon's economic growth started in the 1970s when Maruti Suzuki India Limited established a manufacturing plant and gathered pace after General Electric established its business outsourcing operations known as Genpact in the city in collaboration with real-estate firm DLF.[16][17] New Gurgaon, Manesar and Sohna serve as adjoining manufacturing and upcoming real estate hubs for Gurgaon. Despite rapid economic and population growth, Gurgaon continues to battle socio-economic issues, such as high-income inequality and high air pollution.[18][19] It also has a flood problem due to the limited drainage capacity.[20]