Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 (HAVCR2), also known as T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HAVCR2 (TIM-3) gene . HAVCR2 was first described in 2002 as a cell surface molecule expressed on IFNγ producing CD4+ Th1 and CD8+ Tc1 cells.[ 5] [ 6] Later, the expression was detected in Th17 cells,[ 7] regulatory T-cells,[ 8] and innate immune cells (dendritic cells , NK cells , monocytes , macrophages).[ 9] [ 10] HAVCR2 receptor is a regulator of the immune response.
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135077 – Ensembl , May 2017
^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020399 – Ensembl , May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ Monney L, Sabatos CA, Gaglia JL, Ryu A, Waldner H, Chernova T, et al. (January 2002). "Th1-specific cell surface protein Tim-3 regulates macrophage activation and severity of an autoimmune disease". Nature . 415 (6871): 536–541. doi :10.1038/415536a . PMID 11823861 . S2CID 4403803 .
^ "Entrez Gene: HAVCR2 hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2" .
^ Hastings WD, Anderson DE, Kassam N, Koguchi K, Greenfield EA, Kent SC, et al. (September 2009). "TIM-3 is expressed on activated human CD4+ T cells and regulates Th1 and Th17 cytokines" . European Journal of Immunology . 39 (9): 2492–2501. doi :10.1002/eji.200939274 . PMC 2759376 . PMID 19676072 .
^ Gao X, Zhu Y, Li G, Huang H, Zhang G, Wang F, et al. (2012). "TIM-3 expression characterizes regulatory T cells in tumor tissues and is associated with lung cancer progression" . PLOS ONE . 7 (2): e30676. Bibcode :2012PLoSO...730676G . doi :10.1371/journal.pone.0030676 . PMC 3281852 . PMID 22363469 .
^ Vanmeerbeek I, Naulaerts S, Sprooten J, Laureano RS, Govaerts J, Trotta R, et al. (July 2024). "Targeting conserved TIM3+ VISTA+ tumor-associated macrophages overcomes resistance to cancer immunotherapy" . Science Advances . 10 (29): eadm8660. doi :10.1126/sciadv.adm8660 . PMC 11259173 . PMID 39028818 .
^ Gleason MK, Lenvik TR, McCullar V, Felices M, O'Brien MS, Cooley SA, et al. (March 2012). "Tim-3 is an inducible human natural killer cell receptor that enhances interferon gamma production in response to galectin-9" . Blood . 119 (13): 3064–3072. doi :10.1182/blood-2011-06-360321 . PMC 3321868 . PMID 22323453 .