HINT1

HINT1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1AV5, 1KPA, 1KPB, 1KPC, 1KPE, 1KPF, 3TW2, 4EQE, 4EQG, 4EQH, 4ZKL, 4ZKV, 5I2E, 5I2F
Identifiers
Aliases	HINT1, HINT, NMAN, PKCI-1, PRKCNH1, histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1
External IDs	OMIM: 601314; MGI: 1321133; HomoloGene: 3904; GeneCards: HINT1; OMA:HINT1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	131,224,468 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	54,761,327 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	endothelial cell; ; oocyte; ; middle temporal gyrus; ; Brodmann area 23; ; pons; ; epithelium of nasopharynx; ; gingival epithelium; ; renal medulla; ; seminal vesicula; ; spinal ganglia;
	Top expressed in
	fossa; ; renal corpuscle; ; Paneth cell; ; condyle; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; medullary collecting duct; ; facial motor nucleus; ; barrel cortex; ; Epithelium of choroid plexus; ; vas deferens;
	More reference expression data
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding; catalytic activity; hydrolase activity; protein kinase C binding;
Cellular component	histone deacetylase complex; plasma membrane; extracellular exosome; cytoskeleton; nucleus; cytoplasm; cytosol;
Biological process	purine ribonucleotide catabolic process; positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; transcription, DNA-templated; intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator; signal transduction; apoptotic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	3094
	15254
	ENSG00000169567
	ENSMUSG00000020267
	P49773
	P70349
	NM_005340
	NM_008248
	NP_005331
	NP_032274
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 also known as adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HINT1 gene.^[5]^[6]

HINT1 hydrolyzes purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group.^[7] In addition, functions as scaffolding protein that modulates transcriptional activation.^[8]

It is a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor gene that inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colon cancer cells and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) activity in human mast cells.^[9]^[10] In the LysRS-Ap4A-MITF signaling pathway, HINT1 inhibits the MITF transcriptional activity by direct association. Upon pathway activation, HINT1 is released from MITF by diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), produced by LysRS.^[10]^[11]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000169567 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020267 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Brzoska PM, Chen H, Levin NA, Kuo WL, Collins C, Fu KK, Gray JW, Christman MF (Feb 1997). "Cloning, mapping, and in vivo localization of a human member of the PKCI-1 protein family (PRKCNH1)". Genomics. 36 (1): 151–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0435. PMID 8812426.
^ "Entrez Gene: HINT1 histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1".
^ Strom A, Tong CL, Wagner CR (May 2020). "Histidine triad nucleotide-binding proteins HINT1 and HINT2 share similar substrate specificities and little affinity for the signaling dinucleotide Ap4A". FEBS Letters. 594 (10): 1497–1505. doi:10.1002/1873-3468.13745. PMID 31990367. S2CID 210933742.
^ "P49773: HINT1 (human)". UniProt.
^ Wang L, Li H, Zhang Y, Santella RM, Weinstein IB (Apr 2009). "HINT1 inhibits beta-catenin/TCF4, USF2 and NFkappaB activity in human hepatoma cells". Int J Cancer. 124 (7): 1526–34. doi:10.1002/ijc.24072. PMC 2667231. PMID 19089909.
^ ^a ^b Lee YN, Nechushtan H, Figov N, Razin E (Feb 2004). "The function of lysyl-tRNA synthetase and Ap4A as signaling regulators of MITF activity in FcepsilonRI-activated mast cells". Immunity. 20 (2): 145–51. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(04)00020-2. PMID 14975237.
^ Yannay-Cohen N, Carmi-Levy I, Kay G, Yang CM, Han JM, Kemeny DM, Kim S, Nechushtan H, Razin E (June 2009). "LysRS serves as a key signaling molecule in the immune response by regulating gene expression". Mol Cell. 34 (5): 603–11. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2009.05.019. PMID 19524539.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000169567 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020267 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8812426-5] Brzoska PM, Chen H, Levin NA, Kuo WL, Collins C, Fu KK, Gray JW, Christman MF (Feb 1997). "Cloning, mapping, and in vivo localization of a human member of the PKCI-1 protein family (PRKCNH1)". Genomics. 36 (1): 151–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0435. PMID 8812426.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: HINT1 histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1".

[pmid31990367-7] Strom A, Tong CL, Wagner CR (May 2020). "Histidine triad nucleotide-binding proteins HINT1 and HINT2 share similar substrate specificities and little affinity for the signaling dinucleotide Ap4A". FEBS Letters. 594 (10): 1497–1505. doi:10.1002/1873-3468.13745. PMID 31990367. S2CID 210933742.

[8] "P49773: HINT1 (human)". UniProt.

[pmid19089909-9] Wang L, Li H, Zhang Y, Santella RM, Weinstein IB (Apr 2009). "HINT1 inhibits beta-catenin/TCF4, USF2 and NFkappaB activity in human hepatoma cells". Int J Cancer. 124 (7): 1526–34. doi:10.1002/ijc.24072. PMC 2667231. PMID 19089909.

[pmid14975237-10] Lee YN, Nechushtan H, Figov N, Razin E (Feb 2004). "The function of lysyl-tRNA synthetase and Ap4A as signaling regulators of MITF activity in FcepsilonRI-activated mast cells". Immunity. 20 (2): 145–51. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(04)00020-2. PMID 14975237.

[pmid19524539-11] Yannay-Cohen N, Carmi-Levy I, Kay G, Yang CM, Han JM, Kemeny DM, Kim S, Nechushtan H, Razin E (June 2009). "LysRS serves as a key signaling molecule in the immune response by regulating gene expression". Mol Cell. 34 (5): 603–11. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2009.05.019. PMID 19524539.

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