HMS Adventure (1771) was a survey ship, originally a collier named Marquis of Rockingham. She was purchased in 1771 and renamed Rayleigh, then renamed Adventure later that year. She accompanied HMS Resolution on James Cook's second voyage to the Pacific (1772–1775). She returned to mercantile service after Cook's expedition; she was sunk in the Saint Lawrence River in 1811.
HMS Adventure (1784) was a 44-gun fifth rate launched in 1784 and broken up in 1816.
HMS Adventure was a 10-gun transport launched in 1809 as HMS Aid (1809). She was converted to a survey ship in 1817 and renamed HMS Adventure in 1821. She was sold in 1853.
HMS Adventure was an iron screw storeship, launched in 1855 as HMS Resolute (1855). She was renamed HMS Adventure in 1857 and was broken up in 1877.
HMS Adventure was to have been a torpedo ram. She was ordered in 1885 but was cancelled before her launch.