Habit

For other uses, see Habit (disambiguation).
Good Habits Poster

A habit (or wont, as a humorous and formal term) is a routine of behavior that is repeated regularly and tends to occur subconsciously.[1]

A 1903 paper in the American Journal of Psychology defined a "habit, from the standpoint of psychology, [as] a more or less fixed way of thinking, willing, or feeling acquired through previous repetition of a mental experience."[2] Habitual behavior often goes unnoticed by persons exhibiting it, because a person does not need to engage in self-analysis when undertaking routine tasks. Habits are sometimes compulsory.[3] A 2002 daily experience study by habit researcher Wendy Wood and her colleagues found that approximately 43% of daily behaviors are performed out of habit.[4] New behaviours can become automatic through the process of habit formation. Old habits are hard to break and new habits are hard to form because the behavioural patterns that humans repeat become imprinted in neural pathways, but it is possible to form new habits through repetition.[5]

When behaviors are repeated in a consistent context, there is an incremental increase in the link between the context and the action. This increases the automaticity of the behavior in that context.[6] Features of an automatic behavior are all or some of: efficiency, lack of awareness, unintentionality, and uncontrollability.[7]

  1. ^
    • Butler, Gillian; Hope, Tony; Grey, Nick (2018) [1995]. Managing Your Mind: The Mental Fitness Guide (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
    • "Definition of Habit". Merriam Webster Dictionary. Retrieved August 29, 2008.
    • "Definition of Habituation". Merriam Webster Dictionary. Retrieved August 29, 2008.
  2. ^ Andrews, B. R. (1903). "Habit". The American Journal of Psychology. 14 (2): 121–49. doi:10.2307/1412711. ISSN 0002-9556. JSTOR 1412711.
  3. ^
  4. ^ Wood, Wendy; Quinn, Jeffrey M.; Kashy, Deborah A. (2002). "Habits in everyday life: Thought, emotion, and action". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 83 (6). American Psychological Association (APA): 1281–1297. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.6.1281. ISSN 1939-1315. PMID 12500811.
  5. ^ Rosenthal, Norman. "Habit Formation". Psychology Today. Retrieved November 30, 2011.
  6. ^ Wood, Wendy; Neal, David T. (2007). "A new look at habits and the habit-goal interface". Psychological Review. 114 (4). American Psychological Association (APA): 843–863. doi:10.1037/0033-295x.114.4.843. ISSN 1939-1471. PMID 17907866. S2CID 7468475.
  7. ^ Bargh, J. A. (1994). "The 4 horsemen of automaticity: Awareness, intention, efficiency, and control in social cognition". In Wyer, R. S.; Srull, T. K. (eds.). Handbook of social cognition. Vol. 1: Basic processes. Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. pp. 1–40.