Haplogroup O-M122

Haplogroup O-M122
Possible time of origin33,943 (95% CI 25,124 <-> 37,631) ybp [1]

35,000 (with slower average mutation rate) or 30,000 (with faster average mutation rate) years ago[2]
Coalescence age30,365 (95% CI 22,492 <-> 33,956) ybp[1]
Possible place of originChina or Southeast Asia[3]
AncestorO-M175
Defining mutationsM122 [4]
Highest frequenciesNyishi 94%,[5] Adi 89%,[5] Tamang 87%,[6] Kachari (Boro) 85%,[7] Apatani 82%,[5] Rabha 76.5%,[7] Naga 76%,[5] Bhutanese 74%[citation needed], Naiman Kazakhs 68%,[8] Han Chinese 56%, Tibetan 48%, She People 48% (78.6% Northern,[9] 62.7%[10]), Manchus 47%, Hmong/Miao 46% (69.0% China,[10] 64.3% Thailand,[11] 44.0% Hunan,[9] 41.2% Laos,[9] 36.7% Yunnan,[9] 30.6% Guizhou,[9] 14.6% Điện Biên Phủ[12]), Vietnamese 44%, Korean 43%, Karen 37%,[13] Filipinos 33%, Southwestern Tai approx. 30.4%[14] (Shan 40%,[15] Siamese 39.5%,[14] Northern Thai 37.2%,[15] Yong 37%,[13] Tai Lue 29%,[15] Saek 29%,[14] Phuan 29%,[14] Thái in Vietnam 29%,[12] Lao 27.5%,[14] Kaleun 24%,[14] Nyaw 22%, Isan 21%,[14] Tai Khün 21%,[15] Phutai 17%,[14] Tai Dam 14%[14])

Haplogroup O-M122 (also known as Haplogroup O2 (formerly Haplogroup O3)) is an Eastern Eurasian Y-chromosome haplogroup. The lineage ranges across Southeast Asia and East Asia, where it dominates the paternal lineages with extremely high frequencies. It is also significantly present in Central Asia, especially among the Naiman tribe of Kazakhs.[8]

This lineage is a descendant haplogroup of haplogroup O-M175.

  1. ^ a b Karmin, Monika; Flores, Rodrigo; Saag, Lauri; Hudjashov, Georgi; et al. (28 February 2022). "Episodes of Diversification and Isolation in Island Southeast Asian and Near Oceanian Male Lineages". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 39 (3). doi:10.1093/molbev/msac045. ISSN 0737-4038. PMC 8926390. PMID 35294555.
  2. ^ Poznik et al. 2016.
  3. ^ Shi et al. 2009.
  4. ^ Krahn, Thomas (2003). "Genomic Research Center Draft Tree (AKA Y-TRee)". FTDNA. Archived from the original on 2015-08-15.
  5. ^ a b c d Cordaux et al. 2004.
  6. ^ Gayden et al. 2007.
  7. ^ a b Bing Su; Chunjie Xiao; Ranjan Deka; Mark T. Seielstad; et al. (2000). "Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas". Human Genetics. 107: 582–590. doi:10.1007/s004390000406.
  8. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Ashirbekov2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ a b c d e Cai et al. 2011.
  10. ^ a b Karafet et al. 2010.
  11. ^ Kutanan et al. 2020.
  12. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Macholdt2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ a b Jatupol Kampuansai, Wibhu Kutanan, Eszter Dudás, Andrea Vágó-Zalán, Anikó Galambos, and Horolma Pamjav (2020), "Paternal genetic history of the Yong population in northern Thailand revealed by Y-chromosomal haplotypes and haplogroups." Molecular Genetics and Genomics volume 295, pages 579–589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-019-01644-x
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kutanan et al. 2019.
  15. ^ a b c d Brunelli et al. 2017.