Haramiyida

Haramiyida
Temporal range: Late TriassicEarly Cretaceous, 216.5–125 Ma Possible Maastrichtian record
Lower jaw and restoration of Haramiyavia, a basal haramiyidan from the Triassic of Greenland
Skull of Xianshou, a euharamiyidan from the Jurassic of China
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Synapsida
Clade: Therapsida
Clade: Cynodontia
Clade: Mammaliaformes
Order: Haramiyida
Hahn, Sigogneau-Russell & Wouters, 1989
Subgroups

Haramiyida is a possibly paraphyletic order of mammaliaform cynodonts or mammals of controversial taxonomic affinites.[2] Their teeth, which are by far the most common remains, resemble those of the multituberculates. However, based on Haramiyavia, the jaw is less derived; and at the level of evolution of earlier basal mammals like Morganucodon and Kuehneotherium, with a groove for ear ossicles on the dentary.[3] Some authors have placed them in a clade with Multituberculata dubbed Allotheria within Mammalia.[4][5] Other studies have disputed this and suggested the Haramiyida were not crown mammals, but were part of an earlier offshoot of mammaliaformes instead.[6] It is also disputed whether the Late Triassic species are closely related to the Jurassic and Cretaceous members belonging to Euharamiyida/Eleutherodontida, as some phylogenetic studies recover the two groups as unrelated, recovering the Triassic haramiyidians as non-mammalian cynodonts, while recovering the Euharamiyida as crown-group mammals closely related to multituberculates.[7]

  1. ^ MUSSER, A.M., LAMANNA, M.C., MARTINELLI, A.G., SALISBURY, S.W., AHYONG, S. & JONES, R., 2019. The first non-mammalian cynodonts from Australia and the unusual nature of Australian Cretaceous terrestrial tetrapod faunas. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39, Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Annual Meeting Abstracts, 157.
  2. ^ Zheng, Xiaoting; Bi, Shundong; Wang, Xiaoli; Meng, Jin (2013). "A new arboreal haramiyid shows the diversity of crown mammals in the Jurassic period". Nature. 500 (7461): 199–202. Bibcode:2013Natur.500..199Z. doi:10.1038/nature12353. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 23925244. S2CID 2164378.
  3. ^ Butler PM, 2000
  4. ^ Meng, Jin; Bi, Shundong; Wang, Yuanqing; Zheng, Xiaoting; Wang, Xiaoli (2014-12-10). Evans, Alistair R. (ed.). "Dental and Mandibular Morphologies of Arboroharamiya (Haramiyida, Mammalia): A Comparison with Other Haramiyidans and Megaconus and Implications for Mammalian Evolution". PLOS ONE. 9 (12): e113847. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113847. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4262285. PMID 25494181.
  5. ^ Bi, Shundong; Wang, Yuanqing; Guan, Jian; Sheng, Xia; Meng, Jin (2014-10-30). "Three new Jurassic euharamiyidan species reinforce early divergence of mammals". Nature. 514 (7524): 579–584. doi:10.1038/nature13718. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25209669. S2CID 4471574.
  6. ^ Luo, Zhe-Xi; Gates, Stephen M.; Jenkins Jr., Farish A.; Amaral, William W.; Shubin, Neil H. (16 November 2015). "Mandibular and dental characteristics of Late Triassic mammaliaform Haramiyavia and their ramifications for basal mammal evolution". PNAS. 112 (51): E7101–E7109. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112E7101L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1519387112. PMC 4697399. PMID 26630008.
  7. ^ Hoffmann, Simone; Beck, Robin M. D.; Wible, John R.; Rougier, Guillermo W.; Krause, David W. (2020-12-14). "Phylogenetic placement of Adalatherium hui (Mammalia, Gondwanatheria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar: implications for allotherian relationships". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (sup1): 213–234. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1801706. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 230968231.