| Typhoon | |
|---|---|
 Typhoon Ib "Dirty Dora" of 175 Sqn. being armed with concrete practice bombs in late 1943 at RAF Colerne, Wiltshire | |
| General information | |
| Type | Fighter-bomber |
| National origin | United Kingdom |
| Manufacturer | Hawker Aircraft |
| Designer | |
| Built by | Gloster Aircraft Company |
| Primary users | Royal Air Force |
| Number built | 3,317[1][2] |
| History | |
| Manufactured | 1941–1945 |
| Introduction date | 11 September 1941 |
| First flight | 24 February 1940 |
| Retired | October 1945 |
| Developed into | Hawker Tempest |
The Hawker Typhoon is a British single-seat fighter-bomber, produced by Hawker Aircraft. It was intended to be a medium-high altitude interceptor, as a replacement for the Hawker Hurricane, but several design problems were encountered and it never completely satisfied this requirement.[3]
The Typhoon was originally designed to mount twelve .303 inch (7.7 mm) Browning machine guns and be powered by the latest 2,000 hp (1,500 kW) engines. Its service introduction in mid-1941 was plagued with problems and for several months the aircraft faced a doubtful future.[3] When the Luftwaffe brought the new Focke-Wulf Fw 190 into service in 1941, the Typhoon was the only RAF fighter capable of catching it at low altitudes; as a result it secured a new role as a low-altitude interceptor.[4]
The Typhoon became established in roles such as night-time intruder and long-range fighter.[5] From late 1942 the Typhoon was equipped with bombs, these bomb-carrying aircraft being nicknamed "Bomphoon" by the press.[6] From late 1943 RP-3 rockets were added to its armoury. With those weapons and its four 20 mm Hispano autocannon, the Typhoon became one of the Second World War's most successful ground-attack aircraft.[7]