| Hekla | |
|---|---|
 Hekla and Þjórsá | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,488 m (4,882 ft) |
| Coordinates | 63°59′32″N 19°39′57″W / 63.99222°N 19.66583°W |
| Naming | |
| English translation | Hooded |
| Language of name | Icelandic |
| Geography | |
  Hekla Iceland | |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Active fissure stratovolcano |
| Last eruption | February to March 2000 |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | Eggert Ólafsson, Bjarni Pálsson, 20 June 1750[1] |
 Selected geological features near Hekla (red outline) and its assigned lavas (light violet). Other shading shows: calderas, central volcanoes and fissure swarms, subglacial terrain above 1,100 m (3,600 ft), and seismically active areas. Clicking on the image enlarges to full window and enables mouse-over with more detail. | |
Hekla (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈhɛhkla] ), or Hecla,[2][3] is an active stratovolcano in the south of Iceland with a height of 1,491 m (4,892 ft). Hekla is one of Iceland's most active volcanoes; over 20 eruptions have occurred in and around the volcano since the year 1210.[4] During the Middle Ages, the Icelandic Norse called the volcano the "Gateway to Hell" and the idea spread over much of Europe.
The volcano's frequent large and often initially explosive eruptions have covered much of Iceland with tephra, and these layers can be used to date eruptions of Iceland's other volcanoes. Approximately 10% of the tephra created in Iceland in the last thousand years has come from Hekla, amounting to 5 km3 (1.2 cu mi). Cumulatively, the volcano has produced one of the largest volumes of lava of any in the world in the last millennium, around 8 km3 (1.9 cu mi).
- ^ Thorarinsson, p. 19
- ^ Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). . The American Cyclopædia.
- ^ Wood, James, ed. (1907). . The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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